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单词 beugen
释义

beugen

Dutch

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈbøː.ɣə(n)/
  • (file)
  • Hyphenation: beu‧gen
  • Rhymes: -øːɣən

Etymology 1

From beug + -en.

Verb

beugen

  1. (intransitive) to fish with a longline
Inflection
Inflection of beugen (weak)
infinitivebeugen
past singularbeugde
past participlegebeugd
infinitivebeugen
gerundbeugen n
present tensepast tense
1st person singularbeugbeugde
2nd person sing. (jij)beugtbeugde
2nd person sing. (u)beugtbeugde
2nd person sing. (gij)beugtbeugde
3rd person singularbeugtbeugde
pluralbeugenbeugden
subjunctive sing.1beugebeugde
subjunctive plur.1beugenbeugden
imperative sing.beug
imperative plur.1beugt
participlesbeugendgebeugd
1) Archaic.
Derived terms
  • beuger

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the main entry.

Noun

beugen

  1. Plural form of beug

German

Etymology

From Middle High German böugen, from Old High German bougen, from Proto-Germanic *baugijaną. In early modern German, almost fully merged with related biegen, which used to have the strong 2nd and 3rd persons singular du beugst, er beugt (compare similar archaic forms like du fleugst from fliegen). The later grammarians tried to distinguish the verbs again, though often in ways different from the (still vague) distinction that has now established itself.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈbɔʏ̯ɡən/
  • (file)

Verb

beugen (third-person singular simple present beugt, past tense beugte, past participle gebeugt, auxiliary haben)

  1. (transitive) to bend something, to bow something
    das Knie beugento bend one’s knee
    das Recht beugento bend the law
  2. (reflexive) to bend; to bend over; to bow
    Er beugt sich, um durch die Luke zu passen.
    He bends over to pass through the hatch.
  3. (reflexive, with dative, figuratively) to give in to; to cease to resist or disagree
    Er musste sich der Mehrheit beugen.
    He had to give in to the majority.
  4. (transitive, grammar) to inflect; to decline, conjugate, etc.
    Fast alle deutschen Maskulina auf -e werden schwach gebeugt.
    Virtually all German masculines in -e are inflected according to the weak declension.

Usage notes

  • The normal word for “to bend something” is biegen. Beugen is often used instead with body parts and in figurative senses.
  • Reflexively, sich beugen is used of people meaning a slight bending of the body (see the example above). Sich biegen will only be used for more unusual ways of bending like those of a contortionist. With things, conversely, sich beugen is rare; it then typically means a slight bending due to gravity or weight.
  • Sich beugen can also mean “to bow out of respect” and “to stoop down”, but the former is more commonly sich verbeugen, and the latter sich bücken.

Conjugation

Derived terms

  • Beugen
  • Beugung
  • verbeugen

See also

  • biegen
  • krümmen
  • bücken

Further reading

  • beugen in Duden online
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