ἄγγαρος
Ancient Greek
Etymology
The exact source is unknown. Not from 𒇽𒂠𒂷 (LU2.ḪUN.GA2 /agru/, “hired man”). Maybe from Old Persian *𐎠𐎥𐎼𐎠 (*angarā, “missive, letter”), a reconstructed word which is from Aramaic *𐡀𐡍𐡂𐡓𐡀 (*’engarā), form of *𐡀𐡍𐡂𐡓𐡕𐡀 (*’engartā), variant of 𐡀𐡂𐡓𐡕𐡀 (’iggartā), 𐡀𐡍𐡂𐡓𐡕𐡀 (’engirtā, “missive, letter; contract”), from Akkadian 𒂊𒄈𒌅 (egirtu, “inscribed tablet; oracle of fate, ambiguous wording; contract, bound deal”), from 𒄃 (egēru, “to be difficult, to be twisted or locked together; to have a twisted tongue, to be unable to speak against an order”).
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /áŋ.ɡa.ros/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈaŋ.ɡa.ros/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈaŋ.ɡa.ros/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈaŋ.ɡa.ros/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈaŋ.ɡa.ros/
Noun
ἄγγᾰρος • (ángaros) m (genitive ἀγγᾰ́ρου); second declension
- Persian mounted courier, for carrying royal dispatches
Inflection
Second declension of ὁ ἄγγᾰρος; τοῦ ἀγγᾰ́ρου (Attic)
Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | ὁ ἄγγᾰρος ho ángaros | τὼ ἀγγᾰ́ρω tṑ angárō | οἱ ἄγγᾰροι hoi ángaroi | ||||||||||
Genitive | τοῦ ἀγγᾰ́ρου toû angárou | τοῖν ἀγγᾰ́ροιν toîn angároin | τῶν ἀγγᾰ́ρων tôn angárōn | ||||||||||
Dative | τῷ ἀγγᾰ́ρῳ tôi angárōi | τοῖν ἀγγᾰ́ροιν toîn angároin | τοῖς ἀγγᾰ́ροις toîs angárois | ||||||||||
Accusative | τὸν ἄγγᾰρον tòn ángaron | τὼ ἀγγᾰ́ρω tṑ angárō | τοὺς ἀγγᾰ́ρους toùs angárous | ||||||||||
Vocative | ἄγγᾰρε ángare | ἀγγᾰ́ρω angárō | ἄγγᾰροι ángaroi | ||||||||||
Notes: |
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Derived terms
- ἄγγαρα (ángara)
- ἀγγαρεία (angareía)
- ἀγγαρευτής (angareutḗs)
- ἀγγαρεύω (angareúō)
- ἀγγαρήιον (angarḗion)
- ἀγγαροφορέω (angarophoréō)
Further reading
- ἄγγαρος in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- ἄγγαρος in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- ἄγγαρος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- ἄγγαρος in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2019)
- Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN