ἀξίνη

Ancient Greek

Etymology

It has been proposed to derive from a Proto-Indo-European *h₂egʷs-ih₂-, citing cognates such as Latin ascia and a number of Germanic words, such as Old English æx (English axe). However, it could also be a Semitic borrowing; compare Akkadian 𒍏𒄩𒍣𒅔 (ḫaṣṣinnum) and Aramaic חצינא‎ (ḥaṣīnā).

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ak.sǐː.nɛː/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /akˈsi.ne̝/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /akˈsi.ni/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /akˈsi.ni/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /akˈsi.ni/

Noun

ἀξῑ́νη • (axī́nē) f (genitive ἀξῑ́νης); first declension

axe-head
axe

Inflection

First declension of ἡ ἀξῑ́νη; τῆς ἀξῑ́νης (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ ἀξῑ́νη hē axī́nē	τὼ ἀξῑ́νᾱ tṑ axī́nā	αἱ ἀξῖναι hai axînai
Genitive	τῆς ἀξῑ́νης tês axī́nēs	τοῖν ἀξῑ́ναιν toîn axī́nain	τῶν ἀξῑνῶν tôn axīnôn
Dative	τῇ ἀξῑ́νῃ têi axī́nēi	τοῖν ἀξῑ́ναιν toîn axī́nain	ταῖς ἀξῑ́ναις taîs axī́nais
Accusative	τὴν ἀξῑ́νην tḕn axī́nēn	τὼ ἀξῑ́νᾱ tṑ axī́nā	τᾱ̀ς ἀξῑ́νᾱς tā̀s axī́nās
Vocative	ἀξῑ́νη axī́nē	ἀξῑ́νᾱ axī́nā	ἀξῖναι axînai
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

First declension of ᾱ̔ ἀξῑ́νᾱ; τᾶς ἀξῑ́νᾱς (Doric)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ᾱ̔ ἀξῑ́νᾱ hā axī́nā	τὼ ἀξῑ́νᾱ tṑ axī́nā	ταὶ ἀξῖναι taì axînai
Genitive	τᾶς ἀξῑ́νᾱς tâs axī́nās	τοῖν ἀξῑ́ναιν toîn axī́nain	τᾶν ἀξῑνᾶν tân axīnân
Dative	τᾷ ἀξῑ́νᾳ tâi axī́nāi	τοῖν ἀξῑ́ναιν toîn axī́nain	ταῖς ἀξῑ́ναις taîs axī́nais
Accusative	τᾱ̀ν ἀξῑ́νᾱν tā̀n axī́nān	τὼ ἀξῑ́νᾱ tṑ axī́nā	τᾱ̀ς ἀξῑ́νᾱς tā̀s axī́nās
Vocative	ἀξῑ́νᾱ axī́nā	ἀξῑ́νᾱ axī́nā	ἀξῖναι axînai
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

References

“ἀξίνη”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“ἀξίνη”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
“ἀξίνη”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
ἀξίνη in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
ἀξίνη in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
ἀξίνη in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2023)
G513 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- axe idem, page 57.
- bill idem, page 79.
- chopper idem, page 131.
- hatchet idem, page 388.