ἀκινάκης
Ancient Greek
Alternative forms
- κινάκης (kinákēs)
Etymology
Perhaps borrowed from Iranian, compare Sogdian 𐼋𐼎𐼊𐼀𐼋 (knyʾk /kīnak/, “sword”),[1] Mazanderani کینه (kine), Persian سیکینه (sikinah), یسکینه (iskinah, “chisel”), possibly from Proto-Iranian *kanH- (“to dig”), or alternatively borrowed from Pre-Greek.[2]
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /a.kiː.ná.kɛːs/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /a.kiˈna.ke̝s/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /a.ciˈna.cis/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /a.ciˈna.cis/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /a.ciˈna.cis/
Noun
ἀκῑνάκης • (akīnákēs) m (genitive ἀκῑνάκου); first declension
- short straight sword, used by Persians and Scythians
Inflection
First declension of ὁ ἀκῑνάκης; τοῦ ἀκῑνάκου (Attic)
Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | ὁ ἀκῑνάκης ho akīnákēs | τὼ ἀκῑνάκᾱ tṑ akīnákā | οἱ ἀκῑνάκαι hoi akīnákai | ||||||||||
Genitive | τοῦ ἀκῑνάκου toû akīnákou | τοῖν ἀκῑνάκαιν toîn akīnákain | τῶν ἀκῑνακῶν tôn akīnakôn | ||||||||||
Dative | τῷ ἀκῑνάκῃ tôi akīnákēi | τοῖν ἀκῑνάκαιν toîn akīnákain | τοῖς ἀκῑνάκαις toîs akīnákais | ||||||||||
Accusative | τὸν ἀκῑνάκην tòn akīnákēn | τὼ ἀκῑνάκᾱ tṑ akīnákā | τοὺς ἀκῑνάκᾱς toùs akīnákās | ||||||||||
Vocative | ἀκῑνάκη akīnákē | ἀκῑνάκᾱ akīnákā | ἀκῑνάκαι akīnákai | ||||||||||
Notes: |
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Descendants
- → Latin: acinacēs
References
- Hinz, Walther (1975), “akināka-”, in Altiranisches Sprachgut der Nebenüberlieferungen (Göttinger Orientforschungen, Reihe III, Iranica; 3) (in German), Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, page 27
- Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “ἀκῑνάκης”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 52-53
Further reading
- “ἀκινάκης”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- ἀκινάκης in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- ἀκινάκης in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2023)