ἀδύνατος
See also: αδύνατος
Ancient Greek
Etymology
From ἀ- (a-, “not”) + δυνατός (dunatós, “powerful, capable, possible”).
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /a.dý.na.tos/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /aˈdy.na.tos/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /aˈðy.na.tos/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /aˈðy.na.tos/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /aˈði.na.tos/
Adjective
ᾰ̓δῠ́νᾰτος • (adúnatos) m or f (neuter ᾰ̓δῠ́νᾰτον); second declension
- (of persons) unable
- 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 3.138
- 540 BCE – 450 BCE, Epicharmus, Collected Works 272
- 416 BCE, Euripides, Herakles 56
- 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Rhetoric 1379A.2
- 1 CE – 100 CE, Onasander, Strategikos 1.13
- 380 BCE, Plato, Gorgias 483D
- 446 BCE – 411 BCE, Eupolis, Collected Works 95
- (absolute) without strength, powerless, weak
- 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 5.9
- 413 BCE, Euripides, Ion 596
- 425 BCE, Euripides, Andromache 746
- 445 BCE – 380 BCE, Lysias, On the Refusal of a Pension
- 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Constitution of the Athenians 49.4
- 389 BCE – 314 BCE, Aeschines, Against Timarchus 103
- 445 BCE – 380 BCE, Lysias, Funeral Oration 73
- 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 7.28
- 400 BCE – 387 BCE, Plato, Hippias Minor 366B
- 110 BCE – 35 BCE, Philodemus, Herculaneum Papyri 1457.8
- 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 6.16
- 390 BCE, Plato, Hippias Major 296A
- 330 BCE, Demosthenes, On the Crown 108
- (of things) that cannot be done, impossible
- 408 BCE, Euripides, Orestes 665
- 412 BCE, Euripides, Helen 1043
- 460 BCE – 370 BCE, Democritus, Collected Works 58
- 350 BCE, Aristotle, On the Heavens 280B.12
- 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Prior Analytics 29B.5
- 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Prior Analytics 34B.30
- 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Prior Analytics 45A.35
- 350 BCE – 250 BCE, Lynceus of Samos, Collected Works 1.12
- 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 1.32
- 522 BCE – 443 BCE, Pindar, Pythian Ode 2.81
- 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 1.91
- 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 6.106
- 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 1.59
- 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Protagoras 338C
- 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 9.60
- 407 BCE, Euripides, Iphigenia in Aulis 1370
- 412 BCE, Euripides, Helen 811
- 416 BCE, Euripides, Herakles 318
- 125 CE – 200 CE, Lucian, Dialogues of the Gods 8
- 366 BCE – 348 BCE, Plato, Theaetetus 192B
- 386 BCE – 367 BCE, Plato, Parmenides 138D
- 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Philebus 15B
- (adverbial) without power or skill, feebly
- 480 BCE – 411 BCE, Antiphon of Rhamnus, Third Tetralogy 3.3
- 480 BCE – 411 BCE, Antiphon of Rhamnus, Second Tetralogy 3.4
- 445 BCE – 380 BCE, Lysias, Against Eratosthenes 3
- 100 BCE – 1 BCE, Plato, Axiochus 364B
- 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Rhetoric to Alexander 1435A.16
- 110 BCE – 35 BCE, Philodemus, On Rhetoric 2.122
Inflection
Second declension of ᾰ̓δῠ́νᾰτος; ᾰ̓δῠ́νᾰτον (Attic)
Number | Singular | Dual | Plural | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Case/Gender | Masculine / Feminine | Neuter | Masculine / Feminine | Neuter | Masculine / Feminine | Neuter | ||||||||
Nominative | ᾰ̓δῠ́νᾰτος adúnatos | ᾰ̓δῠ́νᾰτον adúnaton | ᾰ̓δῠνᾰ́τω adunátō | ᾰ̓δῠνᾰ́τω adunátō | ᾰ̓δῠ́νᾰτοι adúnatoi | ᾰ̓δῠ́νᾰτᾰ adúnata | ||||||||
Genitive | ᾰ̓δῠνᾰ́του adunátou | ᾰ̓δῠνᾰ́του adunátou | ᾰ̓δῠνᾰ́τοιν adunátoin | ᾰ̓δῠνᾰ́τοιν adunátoin | ᾰ̓δῠνᾰ́των adunátōn | ᾰ̓δῠνᾰ́των adunátōn | ||||||||
Dative | ᾰ̓δῠνᾰ́τῳ adunátōi | ᾰ̓δῠνᾰ́τῳ adunátōi | ᾰ̓δῠνᾰ́τοιν adunátoin | ᾰ̓δῠνᾰ́τοιν adunátoin | ᾰ̓δῠνᾰ́τοις adunátois | ᾰ̓δῠνᾰ́τοις adunátois | ||||||||
Accusative | ᾰ̓δῠ́νᾰτον adúnaton | ᾰ̓δῠ́νᾰτον adúnaton | ᾰ̓δῠνᾰ́τω adunátō | ᾰ̓δῠνᾰ́τω adunátō | ᾰ̓δῠνᾰ́τους adunátous | ᾰ̓δῠ́νᾰτᾰ adúnata | ||||||||
Vocative | ᾰ̓δῠ́νᾰτε adúnate | ᾰ̓δῠ́νᾰτον adúnaton | ᾰ̓δῠνᾰ́τω adunátō | ᾰ̓δῠνᾰ́τω adunátō | ᾰ̓δῠ́νᾰτοι adúnatoi | ᾰ̓δῠ́νᾰτᾰ adúnata | ||||||||
Derived forms | Adverb | Comparative | Superlative | |||||||||||
ᾰ̓δῠνᾰ́τως adunátōs | ᾰ̓δῠνᾰτώτερος adunatṓteros | ᾰ̓δῠνᾰτώτᾰτος adunatṓtatos | ||||||||||||
Notes: |
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Descendants
- Greek: αδύνατος (adýnatos)
Further reading
- “ἀδύνατος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “ἀδύνατος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- ἀδύνατος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- ἀδύνατος in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2023)
- “ἀδύνατος”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
- G102 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- bad idem, page 58.
- chimerical idem, page 130.
- disabled idem, page 227.
- helpless idem, page 396.
- impossible idem, page 423.
- impotent idem, page 423.
- incapable idem, page 427.
- incapacitated idem, page 427.
- incompetent idem, page 429.
- maimed idem, page 508.
- powerless idem, page 631.
- unable idem, page 905.
- unattainable idem, page 907.
- uninfluential idem, page 922.
- unskilful idem, page 932.
- weak idem, page 969.