ḫw.f-wj
Egyptian
Etymology
ḫw (“shall protect”, subjunctive mood of ḫwj (“to protect”)) + .f (“he”) + wj (“me”), thus literally ’He shall protect me’; longer versions of the name reveal that ‘he’ is the god Khnum.
Pronunciation
- (reconstructed) IPA(key): /χawˈjafwij/ → /χawˈwafwij/ → /χəwˈwaf(w)/[1][2]
- (modern Egyptological) IPA(key): /xuːʔɛf wi/, /xuːfuː/
- Conventional anglicization: khu.ef-wi, khufu
Proper noun
m
- A throne name notably borne by Khufu, a pharaoh of the Fourth Dynasty
Alternative forms
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of ḫw.f-wj
ḫ.f-w | ḫ.f-w | ḫ.f-wf | ḫw.f-w | ḫw.f | |||||||||||||||||
Abydos King List | Saqqara King List |
Derived terms
- ꜣḫt-ḫw.f-wj
Descendants
- → English: Khufu
- → Ancient Greek: Χέοψ (Khéops), Σοῦφις (Soûphis), Σώϋφις (Sṓüphis), Σαῶφις (Saôphis), Σοφέ (Sophé)[3]
- → Latin: Cheops
- → English: Cheops
- → Italian: Cheope
- → Latin: Cheops
References
- von Beckerath, Jürgen (1984) Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen, München: Deutscher Kunstverlag, →ISBN, page 52, 178
- Loprieno, Antonio (1995) Ancient Egyptian: A Linguistic Introduction, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 82
- Gundacker, Roman (2015) “The Chronology of the Third and Fourth Dynasties according to Manetho’s Aegyptiaca” in Towards a New History for the Egyptian Old Kingdom, page 114–115, provides the final vowel but disagrees with Loprieno in some details of the word’s subsequent development: where Loprieno considers the semivowels preceding the tonic /a/ to have ultimately reduced to glottal stops, Gundacker posits that /j/ assimilated to the preceding /w/, which was preserved.
- Gundacker, Roman (2015) “The Chronology of the Third and Fourth Dynasties according to Manetho’s Aegyptiaca” in Towards a New History for the Egyptian Old Kingdom, page 114–115