ḫurāṣum
Akkadian
Etymology
Compare Biblical Hebrew חָרוּץ (ḥɔruṣ, “gold”) and Ugaritic 𐎃𐎗𐎕 (ḫrṣ /ḫurāṣu/).
Pronunciation
- (Old Babylonian) IPA(key): /χuˈraː.sˤum/
Noun
ḫurāṣum m (from Old Akkadian on)
- gold
- 1755–1750 BCE, King Hammurabi of Babylon, OMNIKA Foundation, transl., Hammurabi Code, The Louvre, Law 7:
- 𒋳𒈠 𒀀𒉿𒈝 𒇻 𒆬𒌓 𒇻 𒆬𒄀 𒇻 𒀴 𒇻 𒊩𒆳 𒇻 𒄞 𒇻 𒇻 𒇻 𒀲 𒅇 𒇻 𒈪𒅎𒈠 𒋳𒋗 𒄿𒈾 𒂵𒀜 𒌉 𒀀𒉿𒈝 𒅇 𒇻 𒀴 𒀀𒉿𒅆 𒁀𒈝 𒅆𒁉 𒅇 𒊑𒅅𒊓𒁴 𒅖𒋫𒄠 𒅇 𒇻 𒀀𒈾 𒈠𒍝𒊒𒁴 𒅎𒄷𒌨 𒀀𒉿𒈝 𒋗𒌑 𒊬𒊏𒀝 𒀉𒁕𒀝
šum-ma a-wi-lum lu KUG.BABBAR lu KUG.SIG17 lu ÌR lu GEME2 lu GUD lu UDU lu ANŠE ù lu mi-im-ma šum-šu i-na qá-at DUMU a-wi-lim!(LUM) ù lu ÌR a-wi-lim ba-lum ši-bi ù ri-ik-sa-tim iš-ta-am ù lu a-na ma-ṣa-ru-tim im-ḫu-ur a-wi-lum šu-ú šar-ra-aq id-da-ak- šumma awīlum lū kaspam lū ḫurāṣam lū wardam lū amtam lū alpam lū immeram lū imēram ū lū mimma šumšu ina qāt mār awīlim ū lū warad awīlim balum šībī u riksātim ištām ū lū ana maṣṣarūtim imḫur awīlum šū šarrāq iddâk.
- If a man has purchased or accepted for safekeeping either silver or gold or a male slave or a female slave or an ox or a sheep or a donkey or anything at all from a member of the awīlum class or an awīlum’s slave without witnesses and contracts, said man is a thief; he will be executed.
- Amarna letter EA 9, Reverse, l. 11–12:
- 𒄿𒈾𒀭𒈾 𒀀𒄷𒌑𒀀𒀀 𒁹 𒈠𒈾 𒆬𒄀 𒀀𒈾 𒋗𒌌𒈠𒉌𒅀 𒌌𒋼𒁉𒄿𒆷
𒄿𒈾𒀭𒈾𒈠 𒆬𒄀 𒈠𒀀𒀜 𒈠𒆷 𒊭 𒀊𒁉𒅗 𒋗𒁉𒆷- i-na-an-na a-ḫu-u₂-a-a DIŠ MA.⸢NA⸣ KU₃.SIG₁₇ a-na šu-ul-ma-ni-ia ul-te-bi-i-la
i-na-an-na-ma KU₃.SIG₁₇ ma-a-ad ma-la ša ab-bi-ka šu-bi-la - /inanna aḫuʾa diš mana ḫurāṣu mīnu šulmania ultebiʾila
inannama ḫurāṣu maʾad mala ša abīka šubila/ - Now my brother has sent two minas of gold as a greeting gift.
Now if gold is plentiful, send as much as your fathers.
- i-na-an-na a-ḫu-u₂-a-a DIŠ MA.⸢NA⸣ KU₃.SIG₁₇ a-na šu-ul-ma-ni-ia ul-te-bi-i-la
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Alternative forms
- ḫurāṣu (non-mimated)
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References
- “ḫurāṣu”, in The Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago (CAD), Chicago: University of Chicago Oriental Institute, 1956–2011