ḥrj

See also: ḫrj and ẖrj

Egyptian

Etymology 1

ḥr (“upon”) +‎ -j (“nisba ending”).

Pronunciation

(reconstructed) IPA^(key): /ħaˈɾij/ → /ħaˈɾij/ → /ħəˈɾej/

(modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /ħɛri/
- Conventional anglicization: heri

Adjective

upper, being above, lying upon

Inflection

Declension of ḥrj (nisba adjective)

	masculine	feminine
singular	ḥrj	ḥrt
dual	ḥrjwj, ḥrwj	ḥrtj
plural	ḥrjw, ḥrw	ḥrwt¹, ḥrt²
Archaic in Middle Egyptian when modifying a noun. From Middle Egyptian, this feminine singular form was generally used for the plural. In Late Egyptian, the masculine singular form was used with all nouns.

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of ḥrj

ḥrj

ḥr

ḥrj

Derived terms

ḥrj jb
ḥrj-tp
ḥrt

Noun

m

supervisor, boss [since the middle Kingdom]

Inflection

Declension of ḥrj (masculine)

singular	ḥrj
dual	ḥrjwj
plural	ḥrjw

Alternative forms

See under the adjective above.

Derived terms

ḥrj-wḏb
ḥrj-pr
ḥrj-pḏt
ḥrj-sštꜣ
ḥrt-pr

Descendants

Demotic: (ḥry)
- → Ancient Greek: ρι- (ri-), φρι- (phri-)

Verb

3ae inf.

(intransitive) to be(come) distant
(intransitive) to fly off (to the sky)

Inflection

Conjugation of ḥrj (third weak / 3ae inf. / III. inf.) — base stem: ḥr

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive¹	singular	plural
ḥrt, ḥrj	ḥrw, ḥr	ḥrt, ḥrwt, ḥryt	ḥr	ḥr, ḥry

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective²		periphrastic prospective²
ḥr⁸	ḥr ḥrt, ḥr ḥrj	m ḥrt, m ḥrj	r ḥrt, r ḥrj

suffix conjugation
aspect / mood	active	contingent
aspect / mood	active	aspect / mood	active
perfect	ḥr.n	consecutive	ḥr.jn
terminative	ḥrt, ḥryt	consecutive	ḥr.jn
perfective³	ḥr	obligative¹	ḥr.ḫr
imperfective	ḥr, ḥry	obligative¹	ḥr.ḫr
prospective³	ḥrw, ḥr, ḥry	potentialis¹	ḥr.kꜣ
subjunctive	ḥr, ḥry	potentialis¹	ḥr.kꜣ

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms	participles
aspect / mood	active	active	passive
perfect	ḥr.n	—	—
perfective	ḥrw¹, ḥry, ḥr	ḥr	ḥry, ḥr
imperfective	ḥr, ḥry, ḥrw⁵	ḥr, ḥrj⁶, ḥry⁶	ḥr, ḥrw⁵
prospective	ḥrw¹, ḥry, ḥr, ḥrtj⁷	ḥrwtj^{1 4}, ḥrtj⁴, ḥrt⁴
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. Only in the masculine singular. Only in the masculine. Only in the feminine. Third-person masculine statives of this class often have a final -y instead of the expected stative ending.

Derived terms

sḥrj

Descendants

Demotic: ⁠⁠⁠ (ḥl)
- Coptic: ϩⲱⲗ (hōl)

Verb

3ae inf.

(intransitive) to inspire dread or terror; to be(come) awesome or terrible
(transitive) to dread
(transitive) to anticipate

Inflection

Conjugation of ḥrj (third weak / 3ae inf. / III. inf.) — base stem: ḥr, geminated stem: ḥrr

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive¹	singular	plural
ḥrt, ḥrj	ḥrw, ḥr	ḥrt, ḥrwt, ḥryt	ḥr	ḥr, ḥry

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective²		periphrastic prospective²
ḥr⁸, ḥrr⁸	ḥr ḥrt, ḥr ḥrj	m ḥrt, m ḥrj	r ḥrt, r ḥrj

suffix conjugation
aspect / mood	active	passive	contingent
aspect / mood	active	passive	aspect / mood	active	passive
perfect	ḥr.n	ḥrw, ḥr, ḥry	consecutive	ḥr.jn	active + .tj¹, .tw²
perfect	ḥr.n	active + .tj¹, .tw²
terminative	ḥrt, ḥryt
perfective³	ḥr	active + .tj¹, .tw²	obligative¹	ḥr.ḫr	active + .tj¹, .tw²
imperfective	ḥr, ḥry	active + .tj¹, .tw²	obligative¹	ḥr.ḫr	active + .tj¹, .tw²
prospective³	ḥrw, ḥr, ḥry	ḥrw, ḥr, ḥry	potentialis¹	ḥr.kꜣ	active + .tj¹, .tw²
prospective³	ḥrw, ḥr, ḥry	active + .tj¹, .tw²
subjunctive	ḥr, ḥry	active + .tj¹, .tw²

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms		participles
aspect / mood	active	passive	active	passive
perfect	ḥr.n	active + .tj¹, .tw²	—	—
perfective	ḥrw¹, ḥry, ḥr	active + .tj¹, .tw²	ḥr	ḥry, ḥr
imperfective	ḥrr, ḥrry, ḥrrw⁵	active + .tj¹, .tw²	ḥrr, ḥrrj⁶, ḥrry⁶	ḥrr, ḥrrw⁵
prospective	ḥrw¹, ḥry, ḥr, ḥrtj⁷	—	ḥrwtj^{1 4}, ḥrtj⁴, ḥrt⁴
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. Only in the masculine singular. Only in the masculine. Only in the feminine. Third-person masculine statives of this class often have a final -y instead of the expected stative ending.

References

Erman, Adolf; Grapow, Hermann (1929) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎, volume 3, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, page 133.1–136.6, 141.14–142.2, 144–146.5, 146.13, 147.11–147.13
Faulkner, Raymond (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 174–176
James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, pages 91, 148, 262, 270.

Loprieno, Antonio (1995) Ancient Egyptian: A Linguistic Introduction, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 56

[1] Loprieno, Antonio (1995) Ancient Egyptian: A Linguistic Introduction, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 56