ḏws

See also: DWs

Egyptian

Likely from earlier sḏwj (“to slander”) by metathesis.

3-lit.

(transitive) to falsely speak ill of someone (+ n: to (a person of authority)); to malign, to slander, to tell on [Middle Kingdom]

The exact conjugation class is uncertain; the verb may potentially also have a weak ending, as in the unmetathesized form.

Conjugation of ḏws (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: ḏws, geminated stem: ḏwss

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive¹	singular	plural
ḏws	ḏwsw, ḏws	ḏwst	ḏws	ḏws

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective²		periphrastic prospective²
ḏws	ḥr ḏws	m ḏws	r ḏws

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms		participles
aspect / mood	active	passive	active	passive
perfect	ḏws.n	active + .tj¹, .tw²	—	—
perfective	ḏws	active + .tj¹, .tw²	ḏws	ḏws, ḏwsw⁵, ḏwsy⁵
imperfective	ḏws, ḏwsy, ḏwsw⁵	active + .tj¹, .tw²	ḏws, ḏwsj⁶, ḏwsy⁶	ḏws, ḏwsw⁵
prospective	ḏws, ḏwstj⁷	—	ḏwstj⁴, ḏwst⁴
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, plural .sn. Only in the masculine singular. Only in the masculine. Only in the feminine.

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of ḏws

dws

dsj

ḏs

ḏws

Erman, Adolf; Grapow, Hermann (1931) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache, volume 5, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, page 552.6
Faulkner, Raymond (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 316
Fecht, Gerhard (1974) “Die Königs-Insignien mit s-Suffix (1. Teil)” in Studien zur Altägyptischen Kultur, volume 1, page 189