ᚷᛡᚠ

ᚷᛡᚠ

Proto-Norse

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *gab, the 1st/3rd singular past indicative of *gebaną.

Verb

ᚷᛡᚠ (gᴀf /gaf/) (1st/3rd singular past indicative)

1. [I/he/she/it] gave
   • 550-600, Stentoften Runestone (DR357, KJ96)

     ᚾᛁᚢᚺᛡᛒᛟᚱᚢᛗᛦ ¶ ᚾᛁᚢᚺᚨᚷᛖᛋᛏᚢᛗᛦ ¶ ᚺᛡᚦᚢᚹᛟᛚᛡᚠᛦᚷᛡᚠᛃ […]
     niuhᴀborumʀ ¶ niuhagestumʀ ¶ hᴀþuwolᴀfʀgᴀfj […]

     Nīu haβᵒrumʀ, nīu hangistumʀ, Haþuwolᵃfʀ gaf j[= ār].

     By [the sacrifice of] nine bucks and by [the sacrifice of] nine stallions, Haþuwolfʀ gave a fruitful year.

Inflection

The following forms are attested:

• 1st singular present indicative — ᚷᛁᛒᚢ (gibu /gibu/)
• 3rd singular past indicative — ᚷᛡᚠ (gᴀf /gaf/)

Descendants

• Old Norse: gaf (1st/3rd singular past indicative of gefa)