beswiken
Middle Dutch
Etymology
From Old Dutch beswīkan, from Proto-Germanic *biswīkwaną, from *swīkwaną. Equivalent to be- + swiken.
Verb
beswiken
- to abandon, to forsake
- to succumb, to collapse
Inflection
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Descendants
- Dutch: bezwijken
- Limburgish: bezwieke
Further reading
- “beswiken”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
- Verwijs, E.; Verdam, J. (1885–1929), “beswiken”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN
Middle English
Etymology
From Old English beswīcan (“to deceive, seduce, entice”), from Proto-Germanic *bi- (“be-”), *swīkwaną (“to dodge, swerve, avoid”), from Proto-Indo-European *sweyg- (“to turn, move around, wander, swing”). Cognate with Scots beswik, beswick (“to beguile, deceive”), Dutch bezwijken (“to succumb”), Old High German biswīhhan (“to deceive, seduce, capture”), Icelandic svikja (“to betray”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /biˈswiːkən/
Verb
beswiken
- to lure; allure; cheat; deceive
Conjugation
Conjugation of beswiken (strong class 1 or weak in -ed)
| infinitive | (to) biswiken, biswike | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | past tense | ||
| 1st-person singular | biswike | biswok, biswiked | |
| 2nd-person singular | biswikest | biswike, biswok, biswikedest | |
| 3rd-person singular | biswiketh | biswok, biswiked | |
| subjunctive singular | biswike | biswike1, biswiked1 | |
| imperative singular | — | ||
| plural2 | biswiken, biswike | biswiken, biswike, biswikeden, biswikede | |
| imperative plural | biswiketh, biswike | — | |
| participles | biswikynge, biswikende | biswiken, biswike, biswiked | |
1Replaced by the indicative in later Middle English.
2Sometimes used as a formal 2nd-person singular.
References
- “biswīken, v.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.