ბიჭი
Georgian
Etymology
Perhaps from Old Georgian ბიჭი (bič̣i, “crumbs”). For the sense development compare Russian кро́шка (króška, “crumb; baby, little one”).
Alternatively, together with Middle Armenian բիճ (bič, “bastard”) borrowed from Iranian: compare Northern Kurdish bîj, bîjî, Central Kurdish بیژوو (bîjû, “bastard”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /bit͡ʃʼi/
Audio (file) - Hyphenation: ბი‧ჭი
Noun
ბიჭი • (bič̣i) (plural ბიჭები)
- (Middle Georgian) bastard, illegitimate child [12th century]
- boy, lad, youth
- son
- brave man
- (slang) streetwise/experienced man
- (archaic) waiter
- (in the plural, archaic) (male) servants
Declension
Declension of ბიჭი (see Georgian declension)
| singular | plural | archaic plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | ბიჭი (bič̣i) | ბიჭები (bič̣ebi) | ბიჭნი (bič̣ni) |
| ergative | ბიჭმა (bič̣ma) | ბიჭებმა (bič̣ebma) | ბიჭთ(ა) (bič̣t(a)) |
| dative | ბიჭს(ა) (bič̣s(a)) | ბიჭებს(ა) (bič̣ebs(a)) | ბიჭთ(ა) (bič̣t(a)) |
| genitive | ბიჭის(ა) (bič̣is(a)) | ბიჭების(ა) (bič̣ebis(a)) | ბიჭთ(ა) (bič̣t(a)) |
| instrumental | ბიჭით(ა) (bič̣it(a)) | ბიჭებით(ა) (bič̣ebit(a)) | |
| adverbial | ბიჭად(ა) (bič̣ad(a)) | ბიჭებად(ა) (bič̣ebad(a)) | |
| vocative | ბიჭო (bič̣o) | ბიჭებო (bič̣ebo) | ბიჭნო (bič̣no) |
| Notes: archaic plurals might not exist. | |||
Postpositional inflection of ბიჭი (see Georgian postpositions)
| postpositions taking a dative case | singular | plural |
|---|---|---|
| -ზე (on - ) | ბიჭზე (bič̣ze) | ბიჭებზე (bič̣ebze) |
| -თან (near - ) | ბიჭთან (bič̣tan) | ბიჭებთან (bič̣ebtan) |
| -ში (in - ) | ბიჭში (bič̣ši) | ბიჭებში (bič̣ebši) |
| -ვით (like a - ) | ბიჭივით (bič̣ivit) | ბიჭებივით (bič̣ebivit) |
| postpositions taking a genitive case | singular | plural |
| -თვის (for - ) | ბიჭისთვის (bič̣istvis) | ბიჭებისთვის (bič̣ebistvis) |
| -ებრ (like a - ) | ბიჭისებრ (bič̣isebr) | ბიჭებისებრ (bič̣ebisebr) |
| -კენ (towards - ) | ბიჭისკენ (bič̣isḳen) | ბიჭებისკენ (bič̣ebisḳen) |
| -გან (from/of - ) | ბიჭისგან (bič̣isgan) | ბიჭებისგან (bič̣ebisgan) |
| postpositions taking an instrumental case | singular | plural |
| -დან (from / since - ) | ბიჭიდან (bič̣idan) | ბიჭებიდან (bič̣ebidan) |
| -ურთ (together with - ) | ბიჭითურთ (bič̣iturt) | ბიჭებითურთ (bič̣ebiturt) |
| postpositions taking an adverbial case | singular | plural |
| -მდე (up to - ) | ბიჭამდე (bič̣amde) | ბიჭებამდე (bič̣ebamde) |
Derived terms
- კაი ბიჭი (ḳai bič̣i)
- კლავიატურის ბიჭი (ḳlaviaṭuris bič̣i)
Descendants
- → Laz: ბიჭი (biç̌i)
- → Azerbaijani: bic
- →? Middle Armenian: բիճ (bič)
- Armenian: բիճ (bič), բիջ (biǰ), փիճ (pʿič)
- → Ottoman Turkish: پیچ (piç)
- Turkish: piç, pic
- → Northern Kurdish: pîç
- → Ottoman Turkish: پیچ (piç)
- Armenian: բիճ (bič), բիջ (biǰ), փիճ (pʿič)
- → Svan: ბიჭ (bič̣, “bastard”)
Further reading
- Абаев, В. И. (1958) Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Ossetian Language] (in Russian), volume I, Moscow, Leningrad: Academy Press, page 260, connecting with Ossetian биццеу (biccew, “boy”) and other Iranian words
- Ačaṙean, Hračʿeay (1971), “բիճ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), volume I, 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press, page 451b
- Климов, Г. А. (1964) Этимологический словарь картвельских языков [Etymological Dictionary of the Kartvelian Languages] (in Russian), Moscow: Academy Press, page 52
- Klimov, G. A. (1998) Etymological Dictionary of the Kartvelian Languages (Trends in linguistics. Documentation; 16), New York, Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, page 14
- Rayfield, Donald, editor (2006), “ბიჭი”, in A Comprehensive Georgian–English Dictionary, London: Garnett Press
Laz
Etymology
Borrowing from Georgian ბიჭი (bič̣i).
Noun
ბიჭი • (biç̌i) (plural ბიჭეფე)
- boy
Derived terms
- ბოზობიჭი (bozobiç̌i)
Old Georgian
Etymology
From Proto-Kartvelian *beč̣- ~ *bič̣- (“to crumble, break”). Cognate with Svan ბეჭკჳ- (beč̣ḳw-), ბიჭკჳ- (bič̣ḳw-, “to break (bread, apple, etc.)”).
Noun
ბიჭი • (bič̣i)
- crumbs
- 5th century, Bible, Mark 7.28:
- ხოლო მან მიუგო და ჰრქუა: უფალო, რამეთუ ძაღლნიცა ტაბლასა ქუეშე ჭამედ ბიჭისაგან შვილთაჲსა
- xolo man miugo da hrkua: upalo, rametu ʒaɣlnica ṭablasa kueše č̣amed bič̣isagan šviltaysa
- And she answered and said unto him, Yes, Lord: yet the dogs under the table eat of the children's crumbs.
- ხოლო მან მიუგო და ჰრქუა: უფალო, რამეთუ ძაღლნიცა ტაბლასა ქუეშე ჭამედ ბიჭისაგან შვილთაჲსა
Usage notes
- In the Bible translation, corresponds to Old Armenian փշրանք (pʿšrankʿ) and Ancient Greek ψιχίον (psikhíon).
Derived terms
- ნაბიჭი (nabič̣i)
- ნაბიჭევი (nabič̣evi)
Descendants
- >? Georgian: ბიჭი (bič̣i)
- → Laz: ბიჭი (biç̌i)
- → Azerbaijani: bic
- →? Middle Armenian: բիճ (bič)
- Armenian: բիճ (bič), բիջ (biǰ), փիճ (pʿič)
- → Ottoman Turkish: پیچ (piç)
- Turkish: piç, pic
- → Northern Kurdish: pîç
- → Ottoman Turkish: پیچ (piç)
- Armenian: բիճ (bič), բիջ (biǰ), փիճ (pʿič)
- → Svan: ბიჭ (bič̣, “bastard”)
Further reading
- Abulaʒe, Ilia (2014), “ბიჭი”, in Ʒvelkartuli-ʒvelsomxuri doḳumenṭirebuli leksiḳoni [Old Georgian – Old Armenian Documentary Dictionary], Tbilisi: National Centre of Manuscripts, →ISBN, page 76a
- Fähnrich, Heinz (2007) Kartwelisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch [Kartvelian Etymological Dictionary] (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.18) (in German), Leiden, Boston: Brill, pages 53–54
- Климов, Г. А. (1964) Этимологический словарь картвельских языков [Etymological Dictionary of the Kartvelian Languages] (in Russian), Moscow: Academy Press, page 52
- Klimov, G. A. (1998) Etymological Dictionary of the Kartvelian Languages (Trends in linguistics. Documentation; 16), New York, Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, page 14
- Rayfield, Donald, editor (2006), “ბიჭი”, in A Comprehensive Georgian–English Dictionary, London: Garnett Press