由

由 [yóu] 名

1. ■ （原由) cause; reason:

理由 reason;

原由 cause

2. ■ （姓氏) a surname:

由余 You Yu

动

1. ■ （经过) pass through:

必由之路 the road one must follow or take; the only way

2. ■ （顺随; 听从) follow; obey:

事不由己。 Things are beyond one's control.

由她去吧。 Let her do as she pleases.

介

1. ■ （由于) because of; due to:

咎由自取 have only oneself to blame;

由粗心大意造成的错误有可能带来严重的后果。 Mistakes due to carelessness may have serious consequences.

2. ■ （通过) by; through:

由民主协商选举产生 be elected after democratic consultation;

由群众推荐 be recommended by the masses;

你是由最近的路来的吗? Did you come by the nearest road?

我们由田间而来， 不是由大路而来。 We came by the fields, not by the roads.

由此入内。 This way in.; Entrance.

3. ■ （表示某事归某人去做) by:

旅费由东道国负担。 All the travelling expenses will be borne by the host country.

由此产生的一切后果由你方负责。 Your side will be held responsible for all the consequences arising therefrom.

这个问题应由他来解决。 It's up to him to resolve this problem.

4. ■ （表示凭借）:

水由氢与氧化合而成。 Water is composed of hydrogen and oxygen.

这本集子是由诗、散文和短篇小说三部分组合而成的。 This collection is made up of three parts: poems, essays and short stories.

5. ■ （表示起点) from:

由大连出发 set off from Dalian;

由点到面 spread over a whole area from one point;

大雁由北向南飞。 The wild geese fly from north to south.

我们看着迷雾由山谷升起。 We watched the mists ascending from the valley.