โยม

Thai

Etymology

From Old Khmer ñoma, ñaṃ, Angkorian Old Khmer ñaṃ, *ñuṃ, or Middle Khmer ñom (“emancipated slave assigned to monastery service; servant, slave; inferior, subordinate; minor, young”); extended as Old Khmer khñuṃ, kñuṃ, Pre-Angkorian Old Khmer kñuṃ, kñuṃm, kñum, kñumm, kñaṃ, kñaum, kyuṃg (“person assigned to or offering himself for the service of divinities or sanctuaries; bondsman, servant, slave”)

Compare Modern Khmer ញោម (ñoom), ខ្ញុំ (khñom).

Pronunciation

Orthographic/Phonemic		โยม o y m
Romanization	Paiboon	yoom
	Royal Institute	yom
(standard) IPA^(key)		/joːm˧/

Noun

โยม • (yoom)

patron, supporter, or upholder of a religion or monastery; person who devotes himself to a religion or the service of a monastery.
- พระไอยการลักษณมรดก
  ๔๙ มาตราหนึ่ง ผู้อาพาธหนักจะทำพิไนยกันไว้แก่ศิศ โยม แลสาขาญาติ แลทำบุญให้ทานให้เจ้าไทยพระสงฆก็ดี ถ้าเปนพิไนยกันของพระสงฆ ให้มีผู้เถ้าผู้แก่นั่ง ๓ คน ๔ คน
  sìi-sìp gâao mâat-dtraa nʉ̀ng pûu aa-pâat nàk jà tam pí-nai-gan wái gɛ̀ɛ sìt yoom lɛɛ sǎa-kǎa-yâat lɛɛ tam-bun hâi-taan hâi jâao-tai prá-sǒng gɔ̂ɔ-dii tâa bpen pí-nai-gan kɔ̌ɔng prá-sǒng hâi mii pûu-tâo-pûu-gɛ̀ɛ nâng sǎam kon sìi kon
  49. Another section is as follows: Where a gravely ill person wants to make a will bequeathing his property to his disciples, devouts, or kindred, or ordaining the making of merit or donations in favour of priests or their communities, and the person to make the will is a monk, there shall be three or four elders sitting [to witness the making of the will].

Pronoun

โยม • (yoom)

a second or third person pronoun employed by a priest to address laypersons, excluding royal persons.

Usage notes

Formerly used by a priest to address his own parents or relatives out of respect. Now conventionally used by a priest to address any layperson, except a royal person.

Derived terms

ญาติโยม
โยมพระ
โยมวัด
โยมสงฆ์
โยมอุปัฏฐาก

Related terms

ประสก (bprà-sòk)
สีกา (sǐi-gaa)