কলম
Assamese
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /kɔ.lɔm/
Etymology 1
Borrowed from Persian قلم (qalam), from Arabic قلم, from Ancient Greek κάλαμος (kálamos).
Noun
কলম • (kolom) (classifier -টো)
- pen
- (uncommon): Synonyms: কাপ (kap), লিখনি (likhoni)
Declension
| Declension of কলম | |
|---|---|
| nominative | কলম / কলমে kolom / kolome |
| genitive | কলমৰ kolomor |
| nominative | কলম / কলমে kolom / kolome |
| accusative | কলম / কলমক kolom / kolomok |
| dative | কলমলৈ kolomoloi |
| terminative | কলমলৈকে kolomoloike |
| instrumental | কলমে/ কলমেৰে kolome / kolomere |
| genitive | কলমৰ kolomor |
| locative | কলমত kolomot |
| Notes | |
| Noun: Assamese nouns are indefinite. They can be both singular and plural depending on the context. They are made definite by using classifiers and plural suffixes which also make them either singular and plural. Plural: The general plural suffixes are: -বোৰ (-bür) and -বিলাক (-bilak) (less common). Others which have specific functions include -সমূহ (-xomuh), -সকল (-xokol), -হঁত (-hõt) etc. Nominative: The -এ (-e) suffix is used when the noun works as an agent and the verb is transitive. Accusative: -অক (-ok) is used for animate sense and for emphasis. No case marking otherwise. Dative 1: For direct objects -অক (-ok) marks this case instead of -অলৈ (-oloi). Dative 2: In some dialects -অক (-ok) or -অত (-ot) marks this case instead of -অলৈ (-oloi). Terminative: Vaguely -অলৈ (-oloi) can mark this case too. Instrumental 1: -এ (-e) is unemphatic and -এৰে (-ere) is emphatic and more common. Instrumental 2: Alternatively -এদি (-edi) is used instead of the default -এৰে (-ere) in Standard Assamese. Locative: The locative suffix is -এ (-e) in repetition of the word, with adverbs and days of the week. | |
Etymology 2
Inherited from Sanskrit কলম্ব (kalamba), কডম্ব (kaḍamba, “end, point, stalk of a pot herb”).
Noun
কলম • (kolom) (classifier -টো)
- pruning
- branch of a tree cut for planting, graft
Declension
| Declension of কলম | |
|---|---|
| nominative | কলম / কলমে kolom / kolome |
| genitive | কলমৰ kolomor |
| nominative | কলম / কলমে kolom / kolome |
| accusative | কলম / কলমক kolom / kolomok |
| dative | কলমলৈ kolomoloi |
| terminative | কলমলৈকে kolomoloike |
| instrumental | কলমে/ কলমেৰে kolome / kolomere |
| genitive | কলমৰ kolomor |
| locative | কলমত kolomot |
| Notes | |
| Noun: Assamese nouns are indefinite. They can be both singular and plural depending on the context. They are made definite by using classifiers and plural suffixes which also make them either singular and plural. Plural: The general plural suffixes are: -বোৰ (-bür) and -বিলাক (-bilak) (less common). Others which have specific functions include -সমূহ (-xomuh), -সকল (-xokol), -হঁত (-hõt) etc. Nominative: The -এ (-e) suffix is used when the noun works as an agent and the verb is transitive. Accusative: -অক (-ok) is used for animate sense and for emphasis. No case marking otherwise. Dative 1: For direct objects -অক (-ok) marks this case instead of -অলৈ (-oloi). Dative 2: In some dialects -অক (-ok) or -অত (-ot) marks this case instead of -অলৈ (-oloi). Terminative: Vaguely -অলৈ (-oloi) can mark this case too. Instrumental 1: -এ (-e) is unemphatic and -এৰে (-ere) is emphatic and more common. Instrumental 2: Alternatively -এদি (-edi) is used instead of the default -এৰে (-ere) in Standard Assamese. Locative: The locative suffix is -এ (-e) in repetition of the word, with adverbs and days of the week. | |
Etymology 3
Borrowed from English column.
Noun
কলম • (kolom) (classifier -টো)
- column
Declension
| Declension of কলম | |
|---|---|
| nominative | কলম / কলমে kolom / kolome |
| genitive | কলমৰ kolomor |
| nominative | কলম / কলমে kolom / kolome |
| accusative | কলম / কলমক kolom / kolomok |
| dative | কলমলৈ kolomoloi |
| terminative | কলমলৈকে kolomoloike |
| instrumental | কলমে/ কলমেৰে kolome / kolomere |
| genitive | কলমৰ kolomor |
| locative | কলমত kolomot |
| Notes | |
| Noun: Assamese nouns are indefinite. They can be both singular and plural depending on the context. They are made definite by using classifiers and plural suffixes which also make them either singular and plural. Plural: The general plural suffixes are: -বোৰ (-bür) and -বিলাক (-bilak) (less common). Others which have specific functions include -সমূহ (-xomuh), -সকল (-xokol), -হঁত (-hõt) etc. Nominative: The -এ (-e) suffix is used when the noun works as an agent and the verb is transitive. Accusative: -অক (-ok) is used for animate sense and for emphasis. No case marking otherwise. Dative 1: For direct objects -অক (-ok) marks this case instead of -অলৈ (-oloi). Dative 2: In some dialects -অক (-ok) or -অত (-ot) marks this case instead of -অলৈ (-oloi). Terminative: Vaguely -অলৈ (-oloi) can mark this case too. Instrumental 1: -এ (-e) is unemphatic and -এৰে (-ere) is emphatic and more common. Instrumental 2: Alternatively -এদি (-edi) is used instead of the default -এৰে (-ere) in Standard Assamese. Locative: The locative suffix is -এ (-e) in repetition of the word, with adverbs and days of the week. | |
Bengali
Etymology
Borrowed from Persian قلم (qalam), from Arabic قلم, from Ancient Greek κάλαμος (kálamos).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /kɔlom/
Audio (file)
Noun
কলম • (kôlômô)
- pen
Declension
| Inflection of কলম | |||
| nominative | কলম kôlôm | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| objective | কলম / কলমকে kôlôm (semantically general or indefinite) / kôlômke (semantically definite) | ||
| genitive | কলমের kôlômer | ||
| locative | কলমে kôlôme | ||
| Indefinite forms | |||
| nominative | কলম kôlôm | ||
| objective | কলম / কলমকে kôlôm (semantically general or indefinite) / kôlômke (semantically definite) | ||
| genitive | কলমের kôlômer | ||
| locative | কলমে kôlôme | ||
| Definite forms | |||
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | কলমটা , কলমটি kôlômṭa (colloquial), kôlômṭi (formal) | কলমগুলা, কলমগুলো kôlômgula (colloquial), kôlômgulo (formal) | |
| objective | কলমটা, কলমটি kôlômṭa (colloquial), kôlômṭi (formal) | কলমগুলা, কলমগুলো kôlômgula (colloquial), kôlômgulo (formal) | |
| genitive | কলমটার, কলমটির kôlômṭar (colloquial), kôlômṭir (formal) | কলমগুলার, কলমগুলোর kôlômgular (colloquial), kôlômgulor (formal) | |
| locative | কলমটাতে / কলমটায়, কলমটিতে kôlômṭate / kôlômṭay (colloquial), kôlômṭite (formal) | কলমগুলাতে / কলমগুলায়, কলমগুলোতে kôlômgulate / kôlômgulay (colloquial), kôlômgulote (formal) | |
| Objective Note: In some dialects -রে (-re) marks this case instead of -কে (-ke). | |||