-এ
See also: -এই
Assamese
Alternative forms
- -ে (-e), -য়ে (-e), -ৱে (-e), -ই (-i) (mainly orthographic)
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɛ/
Etymology 1
Inherited from Kamarupi Prakrit -𑖊𑖼 (ẽ), from Magadhi Prakrit -𑀏𑀡 (-eṇa), -𑀏𑀀 (-em̐, “instrumental suffix”), from Sanskrit -এন (-ena, “instrumental suffix: with, by”). Cognate with Sylheti -ꠄ (-e).
Conjunction
-এ • (-e)
- and, with
- কালিলৈ তুমিয়ে ময়ে বজাৰলৈ যাম।
- kaliloi tumie moe bozaroloi zam.
- You and I will go to market tomorrow.
- ৰ’দে বৰষুণে কনা শিয়ালৰ বিয়া।
- röde boroxune kona xialor bia.
- Sunshine and rain together is the marriage of blind jackal.
- তিনিয়ে একে চাৰি ― tinie eke sari ― three plus one is (equal to) four
- Synonyms: আৰু (aru), -অৰ লগত (-or logot)
Suffix
-এ • (-e)
- Marker of the nominative case with transitive verbs.
- ল’ৰাটোৱে কিতাপ কিনি আছে।
- lóratüe kitap kini ase.
- The boy is buying books.
- বগলীবিলাকে মাছ ধৰি আছে।
- boɡolibilake mas dhori ase.
- The egrets are catching fish.
- Marker of the instrumental case, unemphatic: by, with
- বেগে। ― bege ― Rapidly (lit, with speed)
- লাহে লাহে। ― lahe lahe. ― Slowly (lit, with stead)
- হাতে লিখা চিঠি। ― hate likha sithi. ― Letter written by hand.
- তাৰ মুখে শুনিলোঁ।
- tar mukhe xunilü̃.
- Heard from (by) his mouth.
Usage notes
For personal pronouns without suffixes, the ergative marking is not used.
- For example,
- মই যাওঁ, মই খাওঁ।
- moi zaü̃, moi khaü̃.
- I go, I eat.
- Here যাওঁ (zaü̃, “go (1st person)”) is intransitive and খাওঁ (khaü̃, “eat (1st person)”) is transitive, but the subject মই (moi, “I”) doesn't get the ergative marking.
- তহঁত যাৱ, তহঁতে খাৱ।
- tohõt zao, tohõte khao.
- You guys go, you guys eat.
- Here তহঁতে (tohõte, “you (plural, ergative)”) gets the ergative marking because it has the plural suffix -হঁত (-hõt). Other plural suffixes used in personal pronouns are: -লোক (-lük), -সকল (-xokol) etc and the non-plural honorific suffix -খেত (-khet) (used in তেখেত (tekhet), এখেত (ekhet)) also gets the marking.
Suffix
-এ • (-e)
- locative suffix for some words: on, in, at
- বুধবাৰে ― budhbare ― on Wednesday
- একেবাৰে ― ekebare ― totally (literally, “at one time”)
- কাৰণে ― karone ― for (literally, “in reason”)
- মতে ― mote ― accordingly (literally, “in opinion”)
- বাহিৰে ― bahire ― except (literally, “in out”)
- মাজে মাজে ― maze maze ― occasionally (literally, “in middle in middle”)
- Synonym: -অত (-ot)
Bengali
Particle
-এ • (-e)
- ezafe