हिरण्य
Sanskrit
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- ᬳᬶᬭᬡ᭄ᬬ (Balinese script)
- হিৰণ্য (Assamese script)
- হিরণ্য (Bengali script)
- 𑰮𑰰𑰨𑰜𑰿𑰧 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀳𑀺𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀬 (Brahmi script)
- 𑌹𑌿𑌰𑌣𑍍𑌯 (Grantha script)
- હિરણ્ય (Gujarati script)
- ꦲꦶꦫꦟꦾ (Javanese script)
- ಹಿರಣ್ಯ (Kannada script)
- ဟိရဏျ (Burmese script)
- ହିରଣ୍ଯ (Oriya script)
- ꢲꢶꢬꢠ꣄ꢫ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆲𑆴𑆫𑆟𑇀𑆪 (Sharada script)
- 𑖮𑖰𑖨𑖜𑖿𑖧 (Siddham script)
- హిరణ్య (Telugu script)
- ཧིརཎྱ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒯𑒱𑒩𑒝𑓂𑒨 (Tirhuta script)
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-Aryan *źʰr̥Hanyam, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ʰr̥Hanyam (“gold”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰl̥h₃-en-yo-m, from *ǵʰelh₃- (“yellow, golden”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬰𐬀𐬭𐬀𐬦𐬌𐬌𐬀 (zarańiia, “gold”), Old Persian 𐎭𐎼𐎴𐎹 (d-r-n-y /daraniya/, “gold”), Russian жёлтый (žóltyj, “yellow”), Old English ġeolu (whence English yellow), English gold. Also related to हरि (hári).
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /ɦí.ɽɐɳ.jɐ/, [ɦí.ɽɐj̃.jɐ]
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ɦiˈɽɐɳ.jɐ/
Noun
हिरण्य • (híraṇya) n
- gold
- c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda
- any vessel or ornament made of gold (as 'a golden spoon')
- c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda
- c. 1200 BCE – 1000 BCE, Atharvaveda
- a gold piece or coin
- a particular measure
- the Datura or thorn apple
Declension
| Neuter a-stem declension of हिरण्य (híraṇya) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | हिरण्यम् híraṇyam | हिरण्ये híraṇye | हिरण्यानि / हिरण्या¹ híraṇyāni / híraṇyā¹ |
| Vocative | हिरण्य híraṇya | हिरण्ये híraṇye | हिरण्यानि / हिरण्या¹ híraṇyāni / híraṇyā¹ |
| Accusative | हिरण्यम् híraṇyam | हिरण्ये híraṇye | हिरण्यानि / हिरण्या¹ híraṇyāni / híraṇyā¹ |
| Instrumental | हिरण्येन híraṇyena | हिरण्याभ्याम् híraṇyābhyām | हिरण्यैः / हिरण्येभिः¹ híraṇyaiḥ / híraṇyebhiḥ¹ |
| Dative | हिरण्याय híraṇyāya | हिरण्याभ्याम् híraṇyābhyām | हिरण्येभ्यः híraṇyebhyaḥ |
| Ablative | हिरण्यात् híraṇyāt | हिरण्याभ्याम् híraṇyābhyām | हिरण्येभ्यः híraṇyebhyaḥ |
| Genitive | हिरण्यस्य híraṇyasya | हिरण्ययोः híraṇyayoḥ | हिरण्यानाम् híraṇyānām |
| Locative | हिरण्ये híraṇye | हिरण्ययोः híraṇyayoḥ | हिरण्येषु híraṇyeṣu |
| Notes |
| ||
Descendants
- Pali: hirañña
- Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀳𑀺𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡 (hiraṇṇa)
- Sinhalese: රන් (ran)
Synonyms
- सुवर्ण (suvárṇa)
References
- Monier Williams (1899), “हिरण्य”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, OCLC 458052227, page 1299.
- Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 816