स्फोट
Hindi
Etymology
Learned borrowing from Sanskrit स्फोट (sphoṭa). Doublet of फोड़ा (phoṛā).
Pronunciation
- (Delhi Hindi) IPA(key): /spʰoːʈ/, [s̪pʰoːʈ]
Noun
स्फोट • (sphoṭ) m (rare, formal)
- bursting, explosion
- a swelling, tumour, boil
- crackling, crash, roar
Declension
Declension of स्फोट (masc cons-stem)
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| direct | स्फोट sphoṭ | स्फोट sphoṭ |
| oblique | स्फोट sphoṭ | स्फोटों sphoṭõ |
| vocative | स्फोट sphoṭ | स्फोटो sphoṭo |
Further reading
- Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975), “स्फोट”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. Sea of Hindi words] (in Hindi), Kashi [Varanasi]: Nagari Pracarini Sabha
Sanskrit
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- ᬲ᭄ᬨᭀᬝ (Balinese script)
- স্ফোট (Assamese script)
- স্ফোট (Bengali script)
- 𑰭𑰿𑰣𑰺𑰘 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀲𑁆𑀨𑁄𑀝 (Brahmi script)
- 𑌸𑍍𑌫𑍋𑌟 (Grantha script)
- સ્ફોટ (Gujarati script)
- ਸੑਫੋਟ (Gurmukhi script)
- ꦱ꧀ꦦꦺꦴꦛ (Javanese script)
- ស្ផោដ (Khmer script)
- ಸ್ಫೋಟ (Kannada script)
- ສ຺ໂຜຏ (Lao script)
- സ്ഫോട (Malayalam script)
- 𑘭𑘿𑘣𑘻𑘘 (Modi script)
- ᠰᠹᠣᠸᠠᢌᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- ᠰᡦᠣᢞᠠ (Manchu script)
- သ္ဖောဋ (Burmese script)
- 𑧍𑧠𑧃𑧜𑦸 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐳𑑂𑐦𑑀𑐚 (Newa script)
- ସ୍ଫୋଟ (Oriya script)
- ꢱ꣄ꢧꣂꢜ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆱𑇀𑆦𑆾𑆛 (Sharada script)
- 𑖭𑖿𑖣𑖺𑖘 (Siddham script)
- ස්ඵෝට (Sinhalese script)
- స్ఫోట (Telugu script)
- สฺโผฏ (Thai script)
- སྥོ་ཊ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒮𑓂𑒤𑒼𑒙 (Tirhuta script)
Etymology
From the root स्फुट् (sphuṭ), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)bʰel- or *(s)pel- (“to split”) with a *-t- extension. Cognate with Old Church Slavonic рас-плитати (ras-plitati, “to cleave, split”), Old English speld (“splinter”), English split.
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /spʰɐw.ʈɐ/
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈs̪pʰoː.ʈɐ/
Noun
स्फोट • (sphoṭa) m
- bursting, explosion
- c. 400 BCE, Mahābhārata
- a swelling, tumour, boil
- crackling, crash, roar
- c. 400 BCE, Mahābhārata
- (philosophy) sound (conceived as eternal, indivisible, and creative)
Declension
| Masculine a-stem declension of स्फोट (sphoṭa) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | स्फोटः sphoṭaḥ | स्फोटौ sphoṭau | स्फोटाः / स्फोटासः¹ sphoṭāḥ / sphoṭāsaḥ¹ |
| Vocative | स्फोट sphoṭa | स्फोटौ sphoṭau | स्फोटाः / स्फोटासः¹ sphoṭāḥ / sphoṭāsaḥ¹ |
| Accusative | स्फोटम् sphoṭam | स्फोटौ sphoṭau | स्फोटान् sphoṭān |
| Instrumental | स्फोटेन sphoṭena | स्फोटाभ्याम् sphoṭābhyām | स्फोटैः / स्फोटेभिः¹ sphoṭaiḥ / sphoṭebhiḥ¹ |
| Dative | स्फोटाय sphoṭāya | स्फोटाभ्याम् sphoṭābhyām | स्फोटेभ्यः sphoṭebhyaḥ |
| Ablative | स्फोटात् sphoṭāt | स्फोटाभ्याम् sphoṭābhyām | स्फोटेभ्यः sphoṭebhyaḥ |
| Genitive | स्फोटस्य sphoṭasya | स्फोटयोः sphoṭayoḥ | स्फोटानाम् sphoṭānām |
| Locative | स्फोटे sphoṭe | स्फोटयोः sphoṭayoḥ | स्फोटेषु sphoṭeṣu |
| Notes |
| ||
Derived terms
- विस्फोट (visphoṭa)
Related terms
- स्फुटति (sphuṭati)
- स्फोटयति (sphoṭayati)
Descendants
- Pali: phoṭa
- Ashokan Prakrit:
- Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀨𑁄𑀟 (phoḍa)[1]
- Konkani: फोड (phoḍ)
- Marathi: फोड (phoḍ)
- Khasa Prakrit:
- Nepali: फोर (phor)
- Sauraseni Prakrit:
- Hindustani:
- Hindi: फोड़ा (phoṛā)
- Urdu: پھوڑا (phoṛā)
- Hindustani:
- Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀨𑁄𑀟 (phoḍa)[1]
- → Kannada: ಸ್ಫೋಟ (sphōṭa)
- → Malayalam: സ്ഫോടനം (sfōṭanaṃ)
- → Hindi: स्फोट (sphoṭ) (learned)
References
- Monier Williams (1899), “स्फोट”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, OCLC 458052227, page 1270.
- Otto Böhtlingk; Richard Schmidt (1879-1928), “स्फोट”, in Walter Slaje, Jürgen Hanneder, Paul Molitor, Jörg Ritter, editors, Nachtragswörterbuch des Sanskrit [Dictionary of Sanskrit with supplements] (in German), Halle-Wittenberg: Martin-Luther-Universität, published 2016
- Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893), “स्फोट”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press
- Mallory, J. P.; Adams, D. Q. (2006) The Oxford Introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European World (Oxford Linguistics), New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 375
- Rix, Helmut, editor (2001) Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, pages 577
- Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 0986
- Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “sphōṭa”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press