सृगाल

सृगाल

Sanskrit

Alternative forms

• शृगाल (śṛgāla), शृकाल (śṛkāla)

Etymology

Literally "howling"; from Proto-Indo-Iranian *śr̩gʰu- (Blažek)[1]; or from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-k-jwal (“wild canine”).[2]

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /s̪r̩.ɡɑː.l̪ɐ́/
• (Classical) IPA^(key): /s̪r̩ˈɡɑː.l̪ɐ/

Noun

सृगाल • (sṛgālá) m

1. jackal
2. a particular tree
3. name of a Vāsudeva (ruler of Karavīrapura)
4. name of a daitya
5. rogue, cheat
6. coward, poltroon
7. ill-natured or harsh-speaking man

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of सृगाल
Nom. sg.	सृगालः (sṛgālaḥ)
Gen. sg.	सृगालस्य (sṛgālasya)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	सृगालः (sṛgālaḥ)	सृगालौ (sṛgālau)	सृगालाः (sṛgālāḥ)
Vocative	सृगाल (sṛgāla)	सृगालौ (sṛgālau)	सृगालाः (sṛgālāḥ)
Accusative	सृगालम् (sṛgālam)	सृगालौ (sṛgālau)	सृगालान् (sṛgālān)
Instrumental	सृगालेन (sṛgālena)	सृगालाभ्याम् (sṛgālābhyām)	सृगालैः (sṛgālaiḥ)
Dative	सृगालाय (sṛgālāya)	सृगालाभ्याम् (sṛgālābhyām)	सृगालेभ्यः (sṛgālebhyaḥ)
Ablative	सृगालात् (sṛgālāt)	सृगालाभ्याम् (sṛgālābhyām)	सृगालेभ्यः (sṛgālebhyaḥ)
Genitive	सृगालस्य (sṛgālasya)	सृगालयोः (sṛgālayoḥ)	सृगालानाम् (sṛgālānām)
Locative	सृगाले (sṛgāle)	सृगालयोः (sṛgālayoḥ)	सृगालेषु (sṛgāleṣu)

Descendants

• Ashokan Prakrit:
  • Magadhi Prakrit:
    • Assamese: শিয়াল (xial)
    • Bengali: শিয়াল (shiẏal)
    • Sylheti: ꠢꠤꠀꠟ (hial)
  • Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀲𑀺𑀕𑀸𑀮 (sigāla)
    • Gujarati: શિયાળ (śiyāḷ)
    • Hindi: सियार (siyār)
    • Urdu: سیار‎‎ (siyār)
• → Khmer: សិគាល (sekiəl)
• → Malay: serigala
  • Indonesian: serigala
• → Persian: شغال‎ (šağâl) (see there for further descendants)
• → Tajik: шағол (šaġol)
• → Thai: ศิคาล (sikhaan)

References

• Monier Williams (1899), “सृगाल”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, OCLC 458052227, page 1245.

1. Witzel, Michael. (December, 2003) "Linguistic Evidence for Cultural Exchange in Prehistoric Western Central Asia,"Sino-Platonic Papers, 129
2. Root #6053 PTB *s-k-ywal at Sino-Tibetan Etymological Dictionary and Thesaurus Database