सूत्र
See also: सत्र, स्तर, स्त्र, सितारा, स्त्री, संतरा, and सितार
Hindi
Etymology
Borrowed from Sanskrit सूत्र (sūtra). Doublet of सूत (sūt).
Pronunciation
- (Delhi Hindi) IPA(key): /suːt̪.ɾᵊ/, [s̪uːt̪.ɾᵊ]
Noun
सूत्र • (sūtra) m
- thread, yarn, string
- a source, reference; text
- (Hinduism) sutra: a rule
- (mathematics) formula
- प्रारंभिक सूत्र ― prārambhik sūtra ― basic formulae
- (chemistry) formula
- Synonym: रसायनिक सूत्र (rasāynik sūtra)
Declension
Declension of सूत्र (masc cons-stem)
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
direct | सूत्र sūtra | सूत्र sūtra |
oblique | सूत्र sūtra | सूत्रों sūtrõ |
vocative | सूत्र sūtra | सूत्रो sūtro |
References
- McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993), “सूत्र”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
Sanskrit
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- ᬲᬹᬢ᭄ᬭ (Balinese script)
- সূত্ৰ (Assamese script)
- সূত্র (Bengali script)
- 𑰭𑰳𑰝𑰿𑰨 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀲𑀽𑀢𑁆𑀭 (Brahmi script)
- 𑌸𑍂𑌤𑍍𑌰 (Grantha script)
- સૂત્ર (Gujarati script)
- ਸੂਤੑਰ (Gurmukhi script)
- ꦱꦹꦠꦿ (Javanese script)
- សូត្រ (Khmer script)
- ಸೂತ್ರ (Kannada script)
- ສູຕ຺ຣ (Lao script)
- സൂത്ര (Malayalam script)
- 𑘭𑘴𑘝𑘿𑘨 (Modi script)
- ᠰᠤᠤᢐᠷᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- ᠰᡠᡠᢠᡵᠠ (Manchu script)
- သူတြ (Burmese script)
- 𑧍𑧕𑦽𑧠𑧈 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐳𑐹𑐟𑑂𑐬 (Newa script)
- ସୂତ୍ର (Oriya script)
- ꢱꢹꢡ꣄ꢬ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆱𑆷𑆠𑇀𑆫 (Sharada script)
- 𑖭𑖳𑖝𑖿𑖨 (Siddham script)
- සූත්ර (Sinhalese script)
- సూత్ర (Telugu script)
- สูตฺร (Thai script)
- སཱུ་ཏྲ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒮𑒴𑒞𑓂𑒩 (Tirhuta script)
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-Aryan *súHtram, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *súHtram, from Proto-Indo-European *súh₁trom, from *syuh₁- (“to sew”). Synchronically derivable from the root सिव् (siv, “to sew”), and connected with सूचि (sūci) and सूना (sūnā).
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /súːt.ɾɐ/
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈs̪uːt̪.ɾɐ/
Noun
सूत्र • (sū́tra) n
- thread, yarn, string, line, cord, wire
- a measuring line
- सूत्रपात (sū́tra-pāta) — applying the measuring line
- the sacred thread or cord worn by the first three classes (compare यज्ञोपवीत (yajño-pavīta))
- a girdle
- a fibre
- a line, stroke
- a sketch, plan
- that which like a thread runs through or holds together everything, rule, direction
- a short sentence or aphoristic rule, and any work or manual consisting of strings of such rules; hanging together like threads; or, alternatively, written on palm leaves which are strung together sutra
- a kind of tree
Declension
Neuter a-stem declension of सूत्र (sū́tra) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | सूत्रम् sū́tram | सूत्रे sū́tre | सूत्राणि / सूत्रा¹ sū́trāṇi / sū́trā¹ |
Vocative | सूत्र sū́tra | सूत्रे sū́tre | सूत्राणि / सूत्रा¹ sū́trāṇi / sū́trā¹ |
Accusative | सूत्रम् sū́tram | सूत्रे sū́tre | सूत्राणि / सूत्रा¹ sū́trāṇi / sū́trā¹ |
Instrumental | सूत्रेण sū́treṇa | सूत्राभ्याम् sū́trābhyām | सूत्रैः / सूत्रेभिः¹ sū́traiḥ / sū́trebhiḥ¹ |
Dative | सूत्राय sū́trāya | सूत्राभ्याम् sū́trābhyām | सूत्रेभ्यः sū́trebhyaḥ |
Ablative | सूत्रात् sū́trāt | सूत्राभ्याम् sū́trābhyām | सूत्रेभ्यः sū́trebhyaḥ |
Genitive | सूत्रस्य sū́trasya | सूत्रयोः sū́trayoḥ | सूत्राणाम् sū́trāṇām |
Locative | सूत्रे sū́tre | सूत्रयोः sū́trayoḥ | सूत्रेषु sū́treṣu |
Notes |
|
Descendants
Descendants
- Magadhi Prakrit:
- Assamese: সূত (xut)
- Bengali: সুতা (suta)
- Oriya: ସୂତା (suta)
- → Middle Chinese: 修多羅 (MC sɨu tɑ lɑ)
- Mandarin: 修多羅/修多罗
- → Old Khmer: [script needed] (sūtra)
- Khmer: សូត្រ (sout)
- → Old Malay: [script needed] (sūtra)
- Classical Malay: سوترا (sutĕra)
- Malay: sutera
- Indonesian: sutra
- → Maranao: sotra'
- Malay: sutera
- → Old Tagalog: ᜐᜓᜆ᜔ᜎ (sutla)
- Tagalog: sutla
- Classical Malay: سوترا (sutĕra)
- → Old Tamil: 𑀘𑀽𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺𑀭𑀫𑁆 (cūttiram)
- → Old Uyghur: [script needed] (sudur)
- → Middle Mongol: ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠷ (sudur)
- Classical Mongolian: ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠷ (sudur)
- Mongolian: судар (sudar)
- Classical Mongolian: ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠷ (sudur)
- → Middle Mongol: ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠷ (sudur)
- Pali: sutta
- → Burmese: သုတ် (sut)
- → Shan: သုၵ်ႈ (sūk)
- → English: sutta
- → Lao: ສູດ (sūt)
- → Lü: ᦉᦳᧆᦏ (ṡudṫh)
- → Mon: သုတ်
- → Russian: су́тта (sútta)
- → Thai: สูตร (sùut)
- → Burmese: သုတ် (sut)
- Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀲𑀼𑀢𑁆𑀢 (sutta)
- Hindi: सूत (sūt)
- → English: sutra
- → French: soutra
- → German: Sutra
- → Norwegian Bokmål: sutra
- → Polish: sutra
- → Portuguese: sutra
- → Serbo-Croatian: sutra
References
- Monier Williams (1899), “सूत्र”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, OCLC 458052227, page 1241.