संवत्सर
Hindi
Etymology
Learned borrowing from Sanskrit संवत्सर (saṃvatsará); equivalent to सम्- (sam-) + वत्सर (vatsar).
Pronunciation
- (Delhi Hindi) IPA(key): /səm.ʋət̪.səɾ/, [s̪ə̃m.wət̪.s̪əɾ]
Noun
संवत्सर • (samvatsar) m
- (rare, formal) a year
- Synonyms: वर्ष (varṣ), अब्द (abd), साल (sāl), बरस (baras)
- a year of the Vikrama era, the first in a cycle of five or six years
Declension
Declension of संवत्सर (masc cons-stem)
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
direct | संवत्सर samvatsar | संवत्सर samvatsar |
oblique | संवत्सर samvatsar | संवत्सरों samvatsarõ |
vocative | संवत्सर samvatsar | संवत्सरो samvatsaro |
Further reading
- Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975), “संवत्सर”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. Sea of Hindi words] (in Hindi), Kashi [Varanasi]: Nagari Pracarini Sabha
Sanskrit
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- ᬲᬂᬯᬢ᭄ᬲᬭ (Balinese script)
- সংৱত্সৰ (Assamese script)
- সংবত্সর (Bengali script)
- 𑰭𑰽𑰪𑰝𑰿𑰭𑰨 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀲𑀁𑀯𑀢𑁆𑀲𑀭 (Brahmi script)
- 𑌸𑌂𑌵𑌤𑍍𑌸𑌰 (Grantha script)
- સંવત્સર (Gujarati script)
- ਸਂਵਤੑਸਰ (Gurmukhi script)
- ꦱꦁꦮꦠ꧀ꦱꦫ (Javanese script)
- សំវត្សរ (Khmer script)
- ಸಂವತ್ಸರ (Kannada script)
- ສໍວຕ຺ສຣ (Lao script)
- സംവത്സര (Malayalam script)
- 𑘭𑘽𑘪𑘝𑘿𑘭𑘨 (Modi script)
- ᢀ᠋ᠰᠠᠸᠠᢐᠰᠠᠷᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- ᢀ᠋ᠰ᠌ᠠᠸᠠᢠᠰ᠌ᠠᡵᠠ (Manchu script)
- သံဝတ္သရ (Burmese script)
- 𑧍𑧞𑧊𑦽𑧠𑧍𑧈 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐳𑑄𑐰𑐟𑑂𑐳𑐬 (Newa script)
- ସଂଵତ୍ସର (Oriya script)
- ꢱꢀꢮꢡ꣄ꢱꢬ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆱𑆁𑆮𑆠𑇀𑆱𑆫 (Sharada script)
- 𑖭𑖽𑖪𑖝𑖿𑖭𑖨 (Siddham script)
- සංවත්සර (Sinhalese script)
- సంవత్సర (Telugu script)
- สํวตฺสร (Thai script)
- སཾ་ཝ་ཏྶ་ར (Tibetan script)
- 𑒮𑓀𑒫𑒞𑓂𑒮𑒩 (Tirhuta script)
Etymology
Compound of सम् (sam, “one; complete”) + वत्सर (vatsara, “year”); from Proto-Indo-European *wet- (“year”).
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /sɐ̃.ʋɐt.sɐ.ɾɐ́/
- (Classical) IPA(key): /s̪ɐ̃ˈʋɐt̪.s̪ɐ.ɾɐ/
Noun
संवत्सर • (saṃvatsará) m
- a year, a full year
- c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 7.103.9:
- संवत्सरे प्रावृष्यागतायां तप्ता घर्मा अश्नुवते विसर्गम् ॥
- saṃvatsare prāvṛṣyāgatāyāṃ taptā gharmā aśnuvate visargam .
- Soon as the Rain-time in the year returneth, these who were heated kettles gain their freedom.
- संवत्सरे प्रावृष्यागतायां तप्ता घर्मा अश्नुवते विसर्गम् ॥
- a year of the vikrama era, the first in a cycle of five or six years
Declension
Masculine a-stem declension of संवत्सर (saṃvatsará) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | संवत्सरः saṃvatsaráḥ | संवत्सरौ saṃvatsaraú | संवत्सराः / संवत्सरासः¹ saṃvatsarā́ḥ / saṃvatsarā́saḥ¹ |
Vocative | संवत्सर sáṃvatsara | संवत्सरौ sáṃvatsarau | संवत्सराः / संवत्सरासः¹ sáṃvatsarāḥ / sáṃvatsarāsaḥ¹ |
Accusative | संवत्सरम् saṃvatsarám | संवत्सरौ saṃvatsaraú | संवत्सरान् saṃvatsarā́n |
Instrumental | संवत्सरेण saṃvatsaréṇa | संवत्सराभ्याम् saṃvatsarā́bhyām | संवत्सरैः / संवत्सरेभिः¹ saṃvatsaraíḥ / saṃvatsarébhiḥ¹ |
Dative | संवत्सराय saṃvatsarā́ya | संवत्सराभ्याम् saṃvatsarā́bhyām | संवत्सरेभ्यः saṃvatsarébhyaḥ |
Ablative | संवत्सरात् saṃvatsarā́t | संवत्सराभ्याम् saṃvatsarā́bhyām | संवत्सरेभ्यः saṃvatsarébhyaḥ |
Genitive | संवत्सरस्य saṃvatsarásya | संवत्सरयोः saṃvatsaráyoḥ | संवत्सराणाम् saṃvatsarā́ṇām |
Locative | संवत्सरे saṃvatsaré | संवत्सरयोः saṃvatsaráyoḥ | संवत्सरेषु saṃvatsaréṣu |
Notes |
|
Related terms
- संवत्सम् (saṃvatsam)
- वत्स (vatsa)
Descendants
- Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀲𑀁𑀯𑀙𑀭 (saṃvachara), 𑀲𑀯𑀙𑀮 (savachala)
- Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀲𑀁𑀯𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀭 (saṃvacchara)
- Pali: saṃvacchara
- → Bengali: সংবৎসর (sôṅbôtsôrô) (learned)
- → Gujarati: સંવત્સર (sãvatsar) (learned)
- → Hindustani: (learned)
- Hindi: संवत्सर (samvatsar)
- → Kannada: ಸಂವತ್ಸರ (saṃvatsara) (learned)
- → Marathi: संवत्सर (sauvatsar) (learned)
- → Nepali: सम्बत्सर (sambatsar) (learned)
- → Tamil: சம்வத்சரம் (camvatcaram) (learned)
- → Telugu: సంవత్సరము (saṁvatsaramu) (learned)
References
- Monier Williams (1899), “संवत्सर”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, OCLC 458052227, page 1114.