शुष्क
Hindi
Etymology
Borrowed from Sanskrit शुष्क (śúṣka). Doublet of सूखा (sūkhā).
Pronunciation
- (Delhi Hindi) IPA(key): /ʃʊʂk/, [ʃʊʃk]
Adjective
शुष्क • (śuṣk) (indeclinable)
- dry, shrivelled; arid
- Synonym: सूखा (sūkhā)
- dull, uninteresting
- उसको जीवन शुष्क लगने लगा है।
- usko jīvan śuṣk lagne lagā hai.
- Life has become dull for him.
References
- McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993), “शुष्क”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
Sanskrit
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- ᬰᬸᬱ᭄ᬓ (Balinese script)
- শুষ্ক (Assamese script)
- শুষ্ক (Bengali script)
- 𑰫𑰲𑰬𑰿𑰎 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀰𑀼𑀱𑁆𑀓 (Brahmi script)
- 𑌶𑍁𑌷𑍍𑌕 (Grantha script)
- શુષ્ક (Gujarati script)
- ਸ਼ੁਸ਼ੑਕ (Gurmukhi script)
- ꦯꦸꦰ꧀ꦏ (Javanese script)
- ឝុឞ្ក (Khmer script)
- ಶುಷ್ಕ (Kannada script)
- ຨຸຩ຺ກ (Lao script)
- ശുഷ്ക (Malayalam script)
- 𑘫𑘳𑘬𑘿𑘎 (Modi script)
- ᠱᠤᢔᢉᠠ (Mongolian script)
- ᡧᡠᢢᡬᠠ (Manchu script)
- ၐုၑ္က (Burmese script)
- 𑧋𑧔𑧌𑧠𑦮 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐱𑐸𑐲𑑂𑐎 (Newa script)
- ଶୁଷ୍କ (Oriya script)
- ꢯꢸꢰ꣄ꢒ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆯𑆶𑆰𑇀𑆑 (Sharada script)
- 𑖫𑖲𑖬𑖿𑖎 (Siddham script)
- ශුෂ්ක (Sinhalese script)
- శుష్క (Telugu script)
- ศุษฺก (Thai script)
- ཤུ་ཥྐ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒬𑒳𑒭𑓂𑒏 (Tirhuta script)
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hsúškas (“dry”), derived from Proto-Indo-European *h₂sews- (“to be dry”).
Cognate with Avestan 𐬵𐬎𐬱𐬐𐬀 (huška, “dry”), Persian خشک (xošk, “dry”), Russian суши́ть (sušítʹ, “to dry”), Lithuanian saũsinti, Old English sēarian (whence English sear).
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /ɕúʂ.kɐ/
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈɕuʂ.kɐ/
Adjective
शुष्क • (śúṣka)
- dried, dried up, dry, arid, parched, shrivelled, emaciated, shrunk, withered
- c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 6.18.10:
- अग्निर्न शुष्कं वनमिन्द्र हेती रक्षो नि धक्ष्यशनिर्न भीमा ।
- agnirna śuṣkaṃ vanamindra hetī rakṣo ni dhakṣyaśanirna bhīmā .
- As Agni burns down the dry forest like a dart, burn down the demons like a missile, O Indra.
- अग्निर्न शुष्कं वनमिन्द्र हेती रक्षो नि धक्ष्यशनिर्न भीमा ।
- useless, fruitless, groundless, vain, unprofitable, empty
- c. 400 BCE, Mahābhārata
- c. 200 BCE – 200 CE, Manusmṛti
- mere, simple
Declension
| Masculine a-stem declension of शुष्क (śúṣka) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | शुष्कः śúṣkaḥ | शुष्कौ śúṣkau | शुष्काः / शुष्कासः¹ śúṣkāḥ / śúṣkāsaḥ¹ |
| Vocative | शुष्क śúṣka | शुष्कौ śúṣkau | शुष्काः / शुष्कासः¹ śúṣkāḥ / śúṣkāsaḥ¹ |
| Accusative | शुष्कम् śúṣkam | शुष्कौ śúṣkau | शुष्कान् śúṣkān |
| Instrumental | शुष्केण śúṣkeṇa | शुष्काभ्याम् śúṣkābhyām | शुष्कैः / शुष्केभिः¹ śúṣkaiḥ / śúṣkebhiḥ¹ |
| Dative | शुष्काय śúṣkāya | शुष्काभ्याम् śúṣkābhyām | शुष्केभ्यः śúṣkebhyaḥ |
| Ablative | शुष्कात् śúṣkāt | शुष्काभ्याम् śúṣkābhyām | शुष्केभ्यः śúṣkebhyaḥ |
| Genitive | शुष्कस्य śúṣkasya | शुष्कयोः śúṣkayoḥ | शुष्काणाम् śúṣkāṇām |
| Locative | शुष्के śúṣke | शुष्कयोः śúṣkayoḥ | शुष्केषु śúṣkeṣu |
| Notes |
| ||
| Feminine ā-stem declension of शुष्का (śúṣkā) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | शुष्का śúṣkā | शुष्के śúṣke | शुष्काः śúṣkāḥ |
| Vocative | शुष्के śúṣke | शुष्के śúṣke | शुष्काः śúṣkāḥ |
| Accusative | शुष्काम् śúṣkām | शुष्के śúṣke | शुष्काः śúṣkāḥ |
| Instrumental | शुष्कया / शुष्का¹ śúṣkayā / śúṣkā¹ | शुष्काभ्याम् śúṣkābhyām | शुष्काभिः śúṣkābhiḥ |
| Dative | शुष्कायै śúṣkāyai | शुष्काभ्याम् śúṣkābhyām | शुष्काभ्यः śúṣkābhyaḥ |
| Ablative | शुष्कायाः śúṣkāyāḥ | शुष्काभ्याम् śúṣkābhyām | शुष्काभ्यः śúṣkābhyaḥ |
| Genitive | शुष्कायाः śúṣkāyāḥ | शुष्कयोः śúṣkayoḥ | शुष्काणाम् śúṣkāṇām |
| Locative | शुष्कायाम् śúṣkāyām | शुष्कयोः śúṣkayoḥ | शुष्कासु śúṣkāsu |
| Notes |
| ||
| Neuter a-stem declension of शुष्क (śúṣka) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | शुष्कम् śúṣkam | शुष्के śúṣke | शुष्काणि / शुष्का¹ śúṣkāṇi / śúṣkā¹ |
| Vocative | शुष्क śúṣka | शुष्के śúṣke | शुष्काणि / शुष्का¹ śúṣkāṇi / śúṣkā¹ |
| Accusative | शुष्कम् śúṣkam | शुष्के śúṣke | शुष्काणि / शुष्का¹ śúṣkāṇi / śúṣkā¹ |
| Instrumental | शुष्केण śúṣkeṇa | शुष्काभ्याम् śúṣkābhyām | शुष्कैः / शुष्केभिः¹ śúṣkaiḥ / śúṣkebhiḥ¹ |
| Dative | शुष्काय śúṣkāya | शुष्काभ्याम् śúṣkābhyām | शुष्केभ्यः śúṣkebhyaḥ |
| Ablative | शुष्कात् śúṣkāt | शुष्काभ्याम् śúṣkābhyām | शुष्केभ्यः śúṣkebhyaḥ |
| Genitive | शुष्कस्य śúṣkasya | शुष्कयोः śúṣkayoḥ | शुष्काणाम् śúṣkāṇām |
| Locative | शुष्के śúṣke | शुष्कयोः śúṣkayoḥ | शुष्केषु śúṣkeṣu |
| Notes |
| ||
Related terms
- शुष्यति (śúṣyati)
- शोषयति (śoṣáyati)
Descendants
- Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀲𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔 (sukkha)
- Konkani: सुकें (sukẽ)
- Marathi: सुका (sukā)
- Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀲𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔 (sukkha)
- Bengali: শুখা (śukha)
- Paisaci Prakrit:
- Punjabi: ਸੁੱਕੇ (sukke)
- Pali: sukkha
- Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀲𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔 (sukkha)
- Gujarati: સુકા (sukā)
- Hindi: सूखा (sūkhā)
- Romani: śuko
References
- Monier Williams (1899), “शुष्क”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, OCLC 458052227, page 1084.