व्यवहार
Hindi
Etymology
Learned borrowing from Sanskrit व्यवहार (vyavahāra).
Pronunciation
- (Delhi Hindi) IPA(key): /ʋjəʋ.ɦɑːɾ/, [ʋjəʋ.ɦäːɾ]
Noun
व्यवहार • (vyavhār) m (Urdu spelling ويوهار)
- behavior, treatment
- हमें उनके संतोषजनक व्यवहार के बारे में कोई उलहना नहीं है।
- hamẽ unke santoṣajnak vyavhār ke bāre mẽ koī ulahnā nahī̃ hai.
- We have no complaint about their satisfactory behavior.
- सेवकों और बच्चों से अच्छा व्यवहार करना चाहिए।
- sevkõ aur baccõ se acchā vyavhār karnā cāhie.
- Servants and children should be treated well.
- dealings
- हमारा उनसे किसी तरह का व्यवहार नहीं है।
- hamārā unse kisī tarah kā vyavhār nahī̃ hai.
- We have no dealings of any kind with them.
- usage
- यदि तुम इतना बुद्धिमान हो, तो अपनी बुद्धि को व्यवहार में लाओ!
- yadi tum itnā buddhimān ho, to apnī buddhi ko vyavhār mẽ lāo!
- If you are so smart, put your intelligence to use!
Declension
Declension of व्यवहार (masc cons-stem)
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| direct | व्यवहार vyavhār | व्यवहार vyavhār |
| oblique | व्यवहार vyavhār | व्यवहारों vyavhārõ |
| vocative | व्यवहार vyavhār | व्यवहारो vyavhāro |
Synonyms
- सलूक (salūk)
- बरताव (bartāv)
- सलीखा (salīkhā)
References
- Bahri, Hardev (1989), “व्यवहार”, in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa [Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary], Delhi: Rajpal & Sons.
Sanskrit
Etymology
From वि- (vi-) + -अव- (-ava-) + √हृ (√hṛ, “to take; to carry”, root) + -अ (-a, nominalization suffix) with vṛddhi of the root.
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ʋjɐ.ʋɐˈɦɑː.ɾɐ/
Noun
व्यवहार • (vyavahāra) m
- doing; conduct; behaviour
- dealing; business; trade; transaction
- custom; common or established practice; wont
- c. 150 CE – 250 CE, Nāgārjuna, Mūlamadhyamakakārikā 24.10:
- व्यवहारम् अनाश्रित्य परमार्थो न देश्यते ।
- vyavahāram anāśritya paramārtho na deśyate .
- Having no recourse to common practice, the highest truth cannot be made clear.
- व्यवहारम् अनाश्रित्य परमार्थो न देश्यते ।
- affair; matter
- usage (of an expression)
- तैर् एव व्यवहारः ― tair eva vyavahāraḥ ― "just about these is the question"; "the discussion is all about these"
- legal procedure; litigation
Declension
| Masculine a-stem declension of व्यवहार (vyavahāra) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | व्यवहारः vyavahāraḥ | व्यवहारौ vyavahārau | व्यवहाराः / व्यवहारासः¹ vyavahārāḥ / vyavahārāsaḥ¹ |
| Vocative | व्यवहार vyavahāra | व्यवहारौ vyavahārau | व्यवहाराः / व्यवहारासः¹ vyavahārāḥ / vyavahārāsaḥ¹ |
| Accusative | व्यवहारम् vyavahāram | व्यवहारौ vyavahārau | व्यवहारान् vyavahārān |
| Instrumental | व्यवहारेण vyavahāreṇa | व्यवहाराभ्याम् vyavahārābhyām | व्यवहारैः / व्यवहारेभिः¹ vyavahāraiḥ / vyavahārebhiḥ¹ |
| Dative | व्यवहाराय vyavahārāya | व्यवहाराभ्याम् vyavahārābhyām | व्यवहारेभ्यः vyavahārebhyaḥ |
| Ablative | व्यवहारात् vyavahārāt | व्यवहाराभ्याम् vyavahārābhyām | व्यवहारेभ्यः vyavahārebhyaḥ |
| Genitive | व्यवहारस्य vyavahārasya | व्यवहारयोः vyavahārayoḥ | व्यवहाराणाम् vyavahārāṇām |
| Locative | व्यवहारे vyavahāre | व्यवहारयोः vyavahārayoḥ | व्यवहारेषु vyavahāreṣu |
| Notes |
| ||
Descendants
- → Hindi: व्यवहार (vyavhār) (learned)
References
- Apte, Vaman Shivram (1890), “व्यवहारः”, in The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary, Poona: Prasad Prakashan
- Monier Williams (1899), “Vy-avahāra”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, OCLC 458052227, page 1034/1.