वृक्ष
Hindi
Etymology
Borrowed from Sanskrit वृक्ष (vṛkṣa).
Pronunciation
- (Delhi Hindi) IPA(key): /ʋɾɪkʂ/, [ʋɾɪkʃ]
Noun
वृक्ष • (vŕkṣ) m
- tree
- Synonyms: दरख़्त (daraxt), पादप (pādap), पेड़ (peṛ)
Declension
Declension of वृक्ष (masc cons-stem)
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
direct | वृक्ष vŕkṣ | वृक्ष vŕkṣ |
oblique | वृक्ष vŕkṣ | वृक्षों vŕkṣõ |
vocative | वृक्ष vŕkṣ | वृक्षो vŕkṣo |
References
- McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993), “वृक्ष”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
Marathi
Etymology
Borrowed from Sanskrit वृक्ष (vṛkṣa). Compare Gujarati વૃક્ષ (vṛkṣ), Kannada ವೃಕ್ಷ (vṛkṣa), Bengali বৃক্ষ (bŕkhô).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ʋɾuk.ʂə/
Noun
वृक्ष • (vrukṣa) m
- tree
- Synonym: झाड (jhāḍ)
References
- Berntsen, Maxine, “वृक्ष”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies, 1982-1983.
- Molesworth, James Thomas (1857), “वृक्ष”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press
- Date, Yasavanta Ramakrshna (1932-1950), “वृक्ष”, in Maharashtra Sabdakosa (in Marathi), Pune: Maharashtra Kosamandala.
Sanskrit
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- ᬯᬺᬓ᭄ᬱ (Balinese script)
- ৱৃক্ষ (Assamese script)
- বৃক্ষ (Bengali script)
- 𑰪𑰴𑰎𑰿𑰬 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀯𑀾𑀓𑁆𑀱 (Brahmi script)
- 𑌵𑍃𑌕𑍍𑌷 (Grantha script)
- વૃક્ષ (Gujarati script)
- ਵ੍ਹਕੑਸ਼ (Gurmukhi script)
- ꦮꦽꦏ꧀ꦰ (Javanese script)
- វ្ឫក្ឞ (Khmer script)
- ವೃಕ್ಷ (Kannada script)
- ວ຺ຣິກ຺ຩ (Lao script)
- വൃക്ഷ (Malayalam script)
- 𑘪𑘵𑘎𑘿𑘬 (Modi script)
- ᠸᠷᢈᢉᢔᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- ᠸᡵᡳᡬᢢᠠ (Manchu script)
- ဝၖက္ၑ (Burmese script)
- 𑧊𑧖𑦮𑧠𑧌 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐰𑐺𑐎𑑂𑐲 (Newa script)
- ଵୃକ୍ଷ (Oriya script)
- ꢮꢺꢒ꣄ꢰ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆮𑆸𑆑𑇀𑆰 (Sharada script)
- 𑖪𑖴𑖎𑖿𑖬 (Siddham script)
- වෘක්ෂ (Sinhalese script)
- వృక్ష (Telugu script)
- วฺฤกฺษ (Thai script)
- ཝྲྀ་ཀྵ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒫𑒵𑒏𑓂𑒭 (Tirhuta script)
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-Iranian *wr̥ćšás (“tree”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬬𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬱𐬀 (varəša).
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /ʋr̩k.ʂɐ́/
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈʋr̩k.ʂɐ/
Noun
वृक्ष • (vṛkṣá) m
- a tree, (especially) any tree bearing visible flowers and fruit, but also applied to any tree and other plants, often in the sense of wood
- c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 6.24.3:
- अक्षो न चक्र्योः शूर बृहन्प्र ते मह्ना रिरिचे रोदस्योः ।
वृक्षस्य नु ते पुरुहूत वया व्यूतयो रुरुहुरिन्द्र पूर्वीः ॥- akṣo na cakryoḥ śūra bṛhanpra te mahnā ririce rodasyoḥ .
vṛkṣasya nu te puruhūta vayā vyūtayo ruruhurindra pūrvīḥ . - The lofty axle of thy wheels, O Hero, is not surpassed by heaven and earth in greatness.
Like branches of a tree, O thou Invoked by many, manifold assistance spring forth from thee, O Indra.
- akṣo na cakryoḥ śūra bṛhanpra te mahnā ririce rodasyoḥ .
- अक्षो न चक्र्योः शूर बृहन्प्र ते मह्ना रिरिचे रोदस्योः ।
- tree trunk
- coffin
- the staff of a bow
- Wrightia antidysenterica
Declension
Masculine a-stem declension of वृक्ष (vṛkṣá) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | वृक्षः vṛkṣáḥ | वृक्षौ vṛkṣaú | वृक्षाः / वृक्षासः¹ vṛkṣā́ḥ / vṛkṣā́saḥ¹ |
Vocative | वृक्ष vṛ́kṣa | वृक्षौ vṛ́kṣau | वृक्षाः / वृक्षासः¹ vṛ́kṣāḥ / vṛ́kṣāsaḥ¹ |
Accusative | वृक्षम् vṛkṣám | वृक्षौ vṛkṣaú | वृक्षान् vṛkṣā́n |
Instrumental | वृक्षेण vṛkṣéṇa | वृक्षाभ्याम् vṛkṣā́bhyām | वृक्षैः / वृक्षेभिः¹ vṛkṣaíḥ / vṛkṣébhiḥ¹ |
Dative | वृक्षाय vṛkṣā́ya | वृक्षाभ्याम् vṛkṣā́bhyām | वृक्षेभ्यः vṛkṣébhyaḥ |
Ablative | वृक्षात् vṛkṣā́t | वृक्षाभ्याम् vṛkṣā́bhyām | वृक्षेभ्यः vṛkṣébhyaḥ |
Genitive | वृक्षस्य vṛkṣásya | वृक्षयोः vṛkṣáyoḥ | वृक्षाणाम् vṛkṣā́ṇām |
Locative | वृक्षे vṛkṣé | वृक्षयोः vṛkṣáyoḥ | वृक्षेषु vṛkṣéṣu |
Notes |
|
Descendants
- Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀮𑀼𑀔 (lukha /lukkha/), *𑀭𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔 (*rukkha)
- Ardhamagadhi Prakrit: 𑀭𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔 (rukkha)
- Khasa Prakrit:
- Nepali: रुख (rukh)
- Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀭𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔 (rukkha)
- Paisaci Prakrit:
- Punjabi: ਰੁੱਖ (rukkha) / رُکھ (rukh)
- Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀭𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔 (rukkha)
- Romani: rukh
- Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀯𑁆𑀭𑀙 (vracha)
- Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀯𑀘𑁆𑀙 (vaccha)
- Helu:
- Dhivehi: ރުއް (ruk̊)
- Sinhalese: රුක (ruka)
- Pali: rukkha
Borrowed terms
- Bengali: বৃক্ষ (bŕkhô)
- Gujarati: વૃક્ષ (vṛkṣ)
- Hindi: वृक्ष (vŕkṣ)
- Kannada: ವೃಕ್ಷ (vṛkṣa)
- Malayalam: വൃക്ഷം (vr̥kṣaṃ)
- Marathi: वृक्ष (vrukṣa)
- Old Khmer: briksā
- → Thai: พฤกษา (prʉ́k-sǎa)
- Khmer: ព្រឹក្សា (prɨksaa)
- Old Marathi: 𑘪𑘿𑘨𑘲𑘎𑘿𑘬 (vrīkṣa)
- Tamil: விருக்ஷம் (virukṣam)
- Telugu: వృక్షము (vr̥kṣamu)
- Thai: พฤกษ์ (prʉ́k), พฤกษ (prʉ́k-sà-)
- Tulu: ವೃಕ್ಷ (vṛkṣa)