रश्मि

रश्मि

Sanskrit

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *raśmíṣ, form Proto-Indo-Iranian *raĉmíš, from *raĉ- (“to bind, tie”), whence also Sanskrit रश्मन् (raśmán), रशना (raśanā́). Cognate with Middle Persian lsn' (rasan), Persian رسن‎ (rasan). Compare also Old Armenian առասան (aṙasan), an Iranian borrowing.

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɽɐɕ.mí/
• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈɽɐɕ.mi/

Noun

रश्मि • (raśmí) m (rarely f)

1. rope, string, cord

   Synonyms: रज्जु (rájju), सूत्र (sū́tra)

2. rein, bridle, leash

   Synonym: वागा (vāgā)

3. whip, goad
4. measuring cord
   • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 8.25.18:

     परि यो रश्मिना दिवोऽन्तान्ममे पृथिव्याः ।
     उभे आ पप्रौ रोदसी महित्वा ॥

     pari yo raśminā divo’ntānmame pṛthivyāḥ .
     ubhe ā paprau rodasī mahitvā .

     He who hath measured with his ray the boundaries of heaven and earth,
     And with his majesty hath filled the two worlds full,

5. ray of light

Declension

Masculine i-stem declension of रश्मि (raśmí)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	रश्मिः raśmíḥ	रश्मी raśmī́	रश्मयः raśmáyaḥ
Vocative	रश्मे ráśme	रश्मी ráśmī	रश्मयः ráśmayaḥ
Accusative	रश्मिम् raśmím	रश्मी raśmī́	रश्मीन् raśmī́n
Instrumental	रश्मिना / रश्म्या¹ raśmínā / raśmyā̀¹	रश्मिभ्याम् raśmíbhyām	रश्मिभिः raśmíbhiḥ
Dative	रश्मये / रश्म्ये² raśmáye / raśmyè²	रश्मिभ्याम् raśmíbhyām	रश्मिभ्यः raśmíbhyaḥ
Ablative	रश्मेः / रश्म्यः² raśméḥ / raśmyàḥ²	रश्मिभ्याम् raśmíbhyām	रश्मिभ्यः raśmíbhyaḥ
Genitive	रश्मेः / रश्म्यः² raśméḥ / raśmyàḥ²	रश्म्योः raśmyóḥ	रश्मीनाम् raśmīnā́m
Locative	रश्मौ raśmaú	रश्म्योः raśmyóḥ	रश्मिषु raśmíṣu
Notes	¹Vedic ²Less common

Feminine i-stem declension of रश्मि (raśmí)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	रश्मिः raśmíḥ	रश्मी raśmī́	रश्मयः raśmáyaḥ
Vocative	रश्मे ráśme	रश्मी ráśmī	रश्मयः ráśmayaḥ
Accusative	रश्मिम् raśmím	रश्मी raśmī́	रश्मीः raśmī́ḥ
Instrumental	रश्म्या raśmyā̀	रश्मिभ्याम् raśmíbhyām	रश्मिभिः raśmíbhiḥ
Dative	रश्मये / रश्म्ये¹ / रश्म्यै² raśmáye / raśmyè¹ / raśmyaì²	रश्मिभ्याम् raśmíbhyām	रश्मिभ्यः raśmíbhyaḥ
Ablative	रश्मेः / रश्म्याः² raśméḥ / raśmyā̀ḥ²	रश्मिभ्याम् raśmíbhyām	रश्मिभ्यः raśmíbhyaḥ
Genitive	रश्मेः / रश्म्याः² raśméḥ / raśmyā̀ḥ²	रश्म्योः raśmyóḥ	रश्मीनाम् raśmīnā́m
Locative	रश्मौ / रश्म्याम्² raśmaú / raśmyā̀m²	रश्म्योः raśmyóḥ	रश्मिषु raśmíṣu
Notes	¹Less common ²Later Sanskrit

Descendants

• Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀭𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀺 (rassi)
  • Marathi: रस्सी (rassī)
• Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀭𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀺 (rassi)
  • Gujarati: રાશ (rāś)
  • Punjabi: ਰੱਸੀ (rasī)
  • Hindi: रस्सी (rassī)
• Thai: รัศมี (rát-sà-mǐi)
• Pali: raṃsi
  • Thai: รังสี (rang-sǐi)

References

• Monier Williams (1899), “रश्मि”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, OCLC 458052227, page 869.
• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “raśmí (10648)”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
• Lubotsky, The System of Nominal Accentuation in Sanskrit and Proto-Indo-European