युग
See also: योग
Hindi
Etymology
Borrowed from Sanskrit युग (yugá).
Pronunciation
- (Delhi Hindi) IPA(key): /jʊɡ/
Noun
युग • (yug) m (Urdu spelling یگ)
- age, epoch
Declension
Declension of युग (masc cons-stem)
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| direct | युग yug | युग yug |
| oblique | युग yug | युगों yugõ |
| vocative | युग yug | युगो yugo |
Related terms
- योग (yog)
Pali
Alternative forms
Alternative forms
- yuga (Latin script)
- 𑀬𑀼𑀕 (Brahmi script)
- যুগ (Bengali script)
- යුග (Sinhalese script)
- ယုဂ or ယုၷ (Burmese script)
- ยุค or ยุคะ (Thai script)
- ᨿᩩᨣ (Tai Tham script)
- ຍຸຄ or ຍຸຄະ or ຢຸຄະ (Lao script)
- យុគ (Khmer script)
- 𑄠𑄪𑄉 (Chakma script)
Noun
युग n
- Devanagari script form of yuga (“pair; generation”)
Declension
Declension table of "युग" (neuter)
| Case \\ Number | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative (first) | युगं (yugaṃ) | युगानि (yugāni) |
| Accusative (second) | युगं (yugaṃ) | युगानि (yugāni) |
| Instrumental (third) | युगेन (yugena) | युगेहि (yugehi) or युगेभि (yugebhi) |
| Dative (fourth) | युगस्स (yugassa) or युगाय (yugāya) or युगत्थं (yugatthaṃ) | युगानं (yugānaṃ) |
| Ablative (fifth) | युगस्मा (yugasmā) or युगम्हा (yugamhā) or युगा (yugā) | युगेहि (yugehi) or युगेभि (yugebhi) |
| Genitive (sixth) | युगस्स (yugassa) | युगानं (yugānaṃ) |
| Locative (seventh) | युगस्मिं (yugasmiṃ) or युगम्हि (yugamhi) or युगे (yuge) | युगेसु (yugesu) |
| Vocative (calling) | युग (yuga) | युगानि (yugāni) |
Noun
युग m
- Devanagari script form of yuga (“yoke”)
Declension
Declension table of "युग" (masculine)
| Case \\ Number | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative (first) | युगो (yugo) | युगा (yugā) |
| Accusative (second) | युगं (yugaṃ) | युगे (yuge) |
| Instrumental (third) | युगेन (yugena) | युगेहि (yugehi) or युगेभि (yugebhi) |
| Dative (fourth) | युगस्स (yugassa) or युगाय (yugāya) or युगत्थं (yugatthaṃ) | युगानं (yugānaṃ) |
| Ablative (fifth) | युगस्मा (yugasmā) or युगम्हा (yugamhā) or युगा (yugā) | युगेहि (yugehi) or युगेभि (yugebhi) |
| Genitive (sixth) | युगस्स (yugassa) | युगानं (yugānaṃ) |
| Locative (seventh) | युगस्मिं (yugasmiṃ) or युगम्हि (yugamhi) or युगे (yuge) | युगेसु (yugesu) |
| Vocative (calling) | युग (yuga) | युगा (yugā) |
Sanskrit
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- ᬬᬸᬕ (Balinese script)
- যুগ (Assamese script)
- যুগ (Bengali script)
- 𑰧𑰲𑰐 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀬𑀼𑀕 (Brahmi script)
- 𑌯𑍁𑌗 (Grantha script)
- યુગ (Gujarati script)
- ਯੁਗ (Gurmukhi script)
- ꦪꦸꦒ (Javanese script)
- យុគ (Khmer script)
- ಯುಗ (Kannada script)
- ຍຸຄ (Lao script)
- യുഗ (Malayalam script)
- 𑘧𑘳𑘐 (Modi script)
- ᠶ᠋ᠤᠺᠠ (Mongolian script)
- ᠶᡠᡤᠠ (Manchu script)
- ယုဂ (Burmese script)
- 𑧇𑧔𑦰 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐫𑐸𑐐 (Newa script)
- ଯୁଗ (Oriya script)
- ꢫꢸꢔ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆪𑆶𑆓 (Sharada script)
- 𑖧𑖲𑖐 (Siddham script)
- යුග (Sinhalese script)
- యుగ (Telugu script)
- ยุค (Thai script)
- ཡུ་ག (Tibetan script)
- 𑒨𑒳𑒑 (Tirhuta script)
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-Iranian *yugám, from Proto-Indo-European *yugóm. Cognate with Avestan 𐬫𐬎𐬎𐬀 (yuua), Ancient Greek ζυγόν (zugón), Latin iugum, Old English ġeoc (whence English yoke).
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /ju.ɡɐ́/
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈju.ɡɐ/
Noun
युग • (yugá) n
- (literally) yoke
- c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 3.53.17:
- स्थि॒रौ गावौ॑ भवतां वी॒ळुरक्षो॒ मेषा वि व॑र्हि॒ मा यु॒गं वि शा॑रि इन्द्रः॑ पात॒ल्ये॑ ददतां॒ शरी॑तो॒ररि॑ष्टनेमे अ॒भि नः॑ सचस्व॥
- sthirau gāvau bhavatāṃ vīḷurakṣo meṣā vi varhi mā yugaṃ vi śāri indraḥ pātalye dadatāṃ śarītorariṣṭaneme abhi naḥ sacasva.
- Strong be the pair of oxen, firm the axles, let not the pole slip nor the yoke be broken.
May Indra, keep the yoke-pins from decaying: attend us, thou whose fellies are uninjured.
- स्थि॒रौ गावौ॑ भवतां वी॒ळुरक्षो॒ मेषा वि व॑र्हि॒ मा यु॒गं वि शा॑रि इन्द्रः॑ पात॒ल्ये॑ ददतां॒ शरी॑तो॒ररि॑ष्टनेमे अ॒भि नः॑ सचस्व॥
- brace
- pair, couple, team (especially of animals)
- a race of men, generation
- a period or astronomical cycle of 5 (rarely 6) years, a lustrum (especially in the cycle of Jupiter)
- an age of the world, long mundane period of years, an eon, era
- c. 400 BCE, Bhagavad Gītā Chapter IV.8:
- परित्राणाय साधूनां विनाशाय च दुष्कृताम्।
धर्मसंस्थापनार्थाय संभवामि युगे युगे ॥- paritrāṇāya sādhūnāṃ vināśāya ca duṣkṛtām.
dharmasaṃsthāpanārthāya saṃbhavāmi yuge yuge . - [And the Lord said:] "To deliver the pious and destroy the miscreants and to reestablish Dharma, I appear eon after eon."
- paritrāṇāya sādhūnāṃ vināśāya ca duṣkṛtām.
- परित्राणाय साधूनां विनाशाय च दुष्कृताम्।
- a measure of length
- name of a particular position or configuration of the moon
Declension
| Neuter a-stem declension of युग (yugá) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | युगम् yugám | युगे yugé | युगानि / युगा¹ yugā́ni / yugā́¹ |
| Vocative | युग yúga | युगे yúge | युगानि / युगा¹ yúgāni / yúgā¹ |
| Accusative | युगम् yugám | युगे yugé | युगानि / युगा¹ yugā́ni / yugā́¹ |
| Instrumental | युगेन yugéna | युगाभ्याम् yugā́bhyām | युगैः / युगेभिः¹ yugaíḥ / yugébhiḥ¹ |
| Dative | युगाय yugā́ya | युगाभ्याम् yugā́bhyām | युगेभ्यः yugébhyaḥ |
| Ablative | युगात् yugā́t | युगाभ्याम् yugā́bhyām | युगेभ्यः yugébhyaḥ |
| Genitive | युगस्य yugásya | युगयोः yugáyoḥ | युगानाम् yugā́nām |
| Locative | युगे yugé | युगयोः yugáyoḥ | युगेषु yugéṣu |
| Notes |
| ||
Related terms
- योग (yóga)
Descendants
- Ardhamagadhi Prakrit:
- Bengali: জোয়াল (joyal)
- Dardic:
- Kalasha: ǰu (“yoke”)
- Torwali: يو (yū)
- Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀚𑀼𑀅 (jua)
- Marathi: जुंव (juuva), जुवाली (juvālī), युग (yug)
- Konkani: जु (zu)
- Sauraseni Prakrit:
- Hindi: जूआ (jūā)
- Nepali: जुवा (juwā)
- Urdu: جوا (jūā)
- → Bengali: যুগ (ĵug)
- → Hindi: युग (yug)
- → Malayalam: യുഗം (yugaṃ)
- → Marathi: युग (yug)
- → Punjabi: ਯੁਗ (yug)
- → Tamil: யுகம் (yukam), உகம் (ukam), நுகம் (nukam)
- → Telugu: యుగము (yugamu)
Further reading
- Monier Williams (1899), “युग”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, OCLC 458052227, page 854.