यक्ष्म
Sanskrit
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- ᬬᬓ᭄ᬱ᭄ᬫ (Balinese script)
- যক্ষ্ম (Assamese script)
- যক্ষ্ম (Bengali script)
- 𑰧𑰎𑰿𑰬𑰿𑰦 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀬𑀓𑁆𑀱𑁆𑀫 (Brahmi script)
- 𑌯𑌕𑍍𑌷𑍍𑌮 (Grantha script)
- યક્ષ્મ (Gujarati script)
- ꦪꦏ꧀ꦰ꧀ꦩ (Javanese script)
- ಯಕ್ಷ್ಮ (Kannada script)
- ယက္ၑ္မ (Burmese script)
- 𑐫𑐎𑑂𑐲𑑂𑐩 (Newa script)
- ଯକ୍ଷ୍ମ (Oriya script)
- ꢫꢒ꣄ꢰ꣄ꢪ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆪𑆑𑇀𑆰𑇀𑆩 (Sharada script)
- 𑖧𑖎𑖿𑖬𑖿𑖦 (Siddham script)
- యక్ష్మ (Telugu script)
- ཡཀྵྨ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒨𑒏𑓂𑒭𑓂𑒧 (Tirhuta script)
Etymology
Connected with the root यक्ष् (yakṣ, “to appear”), referring to the phenomenon of signs and symptoms appearing on the onset of illnesses and diseases. This semantic development probably happened in Proto-Indo-Iranian; compare Avestan 𐬫𐬀𐬯𐬐𐬀 (yaska, “illness”), which underwent metathesis due to taboo distortion.[1] The Proto-Indo-Iranian term is *yakš ~ *yask.
Noun
यक्ष्म • (yákṣma) m
- illness, disease, sickness
- c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 10.163.3:
- यक्ष्मं मतस्नाभ्यां यक्नः प्लाशिभ्यो वि वृहामि ते ॥
- yakṣmaṃ matasnābhyāṃ yaknaḥ plāśibhyo vi vṛhāmi te .
- From kidneys, liver, and from the spleen, I drive thy malady away.
- यक्ष्मं मतस्नाभ्यां यक्नः प्लाशिभ्यो वि वृहामि ते ॥
Declension
| Masculine a-stem declension of यक्ष्म (yákṣma) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | यक्ष्मः yákṣmaḥ | यक्ष्मौ yákṣmau | यक्ष्माः / यक्ष्मासः¹ yákṣmāḥ / yákṣmāsaḥ¹ |
| Vocative | यक्ष्म yákṣma | यक्ष्मौ yákṣmau | यक्ष्माः / यक्ष्मासः¹ yákṣmāḥ / yákṣmāsaḥ¹ |
| Accusative | यक्ष्मम् yákṣmam | यक्ष्मौ yákṣmau | यक्ष्मान् yákṣmān |
| Instrumental | यक्ष्मेण yákṣmeṇa | यक्ष्माभ्याम् yákṣmābhyām | यक्ष्मैः / यक्ष्मेभिः¹ yákṣmaiḥ / yákṣmebhiḥ¹ |
| Dative | यक्ष्माय yákṣmāya | यक्ष्माभ्याम् yákṣmābhyām | यक्ष्मेभ्यः yákṣmebhyaḥ |
| Ablative | यक्ष्मात् yákṣmāt | यक्ष्माभ्याम् yákṣmābhyām | यक्ष्मेभ्यः yákṣmebhyaḥ |
| Genitive | यक्ष्मस्य yákṣmasya | यक्ष्मयोः yákṣmayoḥ | यक्ष्माणाम् yákṣmāṇām |
| Locative | यक्ष्मे yákṣme | यक्ष्मयोः yákṣmayoḥ | यक्ष्मेषु yákṣmeṣu |
| Notes |
| ||
References
- Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) , “yákṣma”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan] (in German), volume I, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 392
- Monier Williams (1899) , “यक्ष्म”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, OCLC 458052227, page 779.