यकृत्

यकृत्

See also: याक़ूत

Sanskrit

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *Hyákr̥, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hyákr̥, from Proto-Indo-European *Hyékʷr̥ (“liver”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬫𐬁𐬐𐬀𐬭𐬆‎ (yākarə), Persian جگر‎ (jegar), Latin iecur, Ancient Greek ἧπαρ (hêpar), Old Armenian լեարդ (leard).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /jɐ́.kr̩t̪/
• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈjɐ.kr̩t̪/

Noun

यकृत् • (yákṛt) n

1. the liver
   • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 10.163.3:

     यक्ष्मं मतस्नाभ्यां यक्नः प्लाशिभ्यो वि वृहामि ते ॥

     yakṣmaṃ matasnābhyāṃ yaknaḥ plāśibhyo vi vṛhāmi te .

     From kidneys, liver, and from the spleen, I drive thy malady away.

Declension

Declension of यकृत्
Nom. sg.	यकृत् (yakṛt)
Gen. sg.	यक्नः (yaknaḥ)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	यकृत् (yakṛt)	—	—
Vocative	—	—	—
Accusative	यकृत् (yakṛt)	—	—
Instrumental	यक्ना (yaknā)	—	—
Dative	—	—	—
Ablative	यक्नः/यकृतः (yaknaḥ/yakṛtaḥ)	—	—
Genitive	यक्नः (yaknaḥ)	—	—
Locative	यकृति (yakṛti)	—	—

Descendants

• Dardic: *yákṛt
  • Kalami: [script needed] (yān)
  • Kalasha: [script needed] (žāṅga)
  • Kohistani Shina: [script needed] (yū̃)
  • Shina: [script needed] (yum)
  • Torwali: [script needed] (ǰogō)
• Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀚𑀕 (jaga)
  • Marathi: जरंडी (jaraṇḍī, “hepatitis”)
• Pali: yaka, yakana
• Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀚𑀕 (jaga)
  • Kumaoni: जिकुडो (jikuṛo)
  • Sindhi: जेरो (jero)

References

• Monier Williams (1899), “यकृत्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, OCLC 458052227, page 838.
• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “yákr̥t (10394)”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press