मूल
Hindi
Etymology
From Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀫𑀽𑀮 (mūla), from Sanskrit मूल (mūla). Cognate with Gujarati મૂળ (mūḷ) and Bengali মূল (mūl).
Adjective
मूल • (mūl) (indeclinable, Urdu spelling مول)
- original, basic, fundamental
- native, indigenous
- ancient, continually existent
Synonyms
- (original, basic): मूलभूत (mūlbhūt)
Noun
मूल • (mūl) m (Urdu spelling مول)
- original copy
- source, origin
Declension
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
direct | मूल mūl | मूल mūl |
oblique | मूल mūl | मूलों mūlõ |
vocative | मूल mūl | मूलो mūlo |
Related terms
- मूलाधार (mūlādhār)
Kashmiri
Noun
मूल • (mūl) m (Perso-Arabic موٗل)
- root (of a plant, etc.)
- origin, basis, provenance
- (linguistics) root, stem
Marathi
Etymology 1
From Sanskrit मूल (mūla). Cognate with Gujarati મૂળ (mūḷ).
Noun
मूल • (mūl) n
- (of a plant) root
- (by extension) origin
- Synonym: निदान (nidān)
- (by extension) progenitor, first ancestor
See also
- मुळा (muḷā, “raddish”)
Etymology 2
नपुसकलिंग (napusakliṅga): मूल n (mūl) |
पुल्लिंग (pulliṅga): मुलगा m (mulgā) |
स्त्रीलिंग (strīliṅga): मुलगी f (mulgī) |
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Noun
मूल • (mūl) n
- child or kid regardless of gender or age
- Synonym: पोर (por)
- son or daughter regardless of gender
- Synonym: लेकरू (lekrū)
Usage notes
While the neuter word मूल (mūl) is often used interchangeably with the words मुलगा (mulgā) and मुलगी (mulgī), the word मूल (mūl) should be discriminated from the words मुलगा (mulgā) and मुलगी (mulgī).
Derived terms
- मुलगा (mulgā, “masculine form”)
- मुलगी (mulgī, “feminine form”)
References
- Molesworth, James Thomas (1857), “मूल”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press
Nepali
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [mul]
- Phonetic Devanagari: मुल्
Adjective
मूल • (mūl)
- main, primary
- essential, necessary
Noun
मूल • (mūl)
- root, source
Pali
Alternative forms
- mūla (Latin script)
- 𑀫𑀽𑀮 (Brahmi script)
- মূল (Bengali script)
- මූල (Sinhalese script)
- မူလ (Burmese script)
- มูล or มูละ (Thai script)
- ᨾᩪᩃ (Tai Tham script)
- ມູລ or ມູລະ (Lao script)
- មូល (Khmer script)
Noun
मूल n
- Devanagari script form of mūla
Declension
Case \\ Number | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative (first) | मूलं (mūlaṃ) | मूलानि (mūlāni) |
Accusative (second) | मूलं (mūlaṃ) | मूलानि (mūlāni) |
Instrumental (third) | मूलेन (mūlena) | मूलेहि (mūlehi) or मूलेभि (mūlebhi) |
Dative (fourth) | मूलस्स (mūlassa) or मूलाय (mūlāya) or मूलत्थं (mūlatthaṃ) | मूलानं (mūlānaṃ) |
Ablative (fifth) | मूलस्मा (mūlasmā) or मूलम्हा (mūlamhā) or मूला (mūlā) | मूलेहि (mūlehi) or मूलेभि (mūlebhi) |
Genitive (sixth) | मूलस्स (mūlassa) | मूलानं (mūlānaṃ) |
Locative (seventh) | मूलस्मिं (mūlasmiṃ) or मूलम्हि (mūlamhi) or मूले (mūle) | मूलेसु (mūlesu) |
Vocative (calling) | मूल (mūla) | मूलानि (mūlāni) |
Sanskrit
Alternative forms
- ᬫᬹᬮ (Balinese script)
- মূল (Assamese script)
- মূল (Bengali script)
- 𑰦𑰳𑰩 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀫𑀽𑀮 (Brahmi script)
- 𑌮𑍂𑌲 (Grantha script)
- મૂલ (Gujarati script)
- ਮੂਲ (Gurmukhi script)
- ꦩꦹꦭ (Javanese script)
- មូល (Khmer script)
- ಮೂಲ (Kannada script)
- ມູລ (Lao script)
- മൂല (Malayalam script)
- 𑘦𑘴𑘩 (Modi script)
- ᠮᠤᠤᠯᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- ᠮᡠᡠᠯᠠ (Manchu script)
- မူလ (Burmese script)
- 𑧆𑧕𑧉 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐩𑐹𑐮 (Newa script)
- ମୂଲ (Oriya script)
- ꢪꢹꢭ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆩𑆷𑆬 (Sharada script)
- 𑖦𑖳𑖩 (Siddham script)
- මූල (Sinhalese script)
- మూల (Telugu script)
- มูล (Thai script)
- མཱུ་ལ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒧𑒴𑒪 (Tirhuta script)
Etymology
Possibly from a Proto-Dravidian word corresponding with modern Tamil முளா (muḷā) or முள்ளங்கி (muḷḷaṅki), although the direction of borrowing is unclear. Also compared to Ancient Greek μῶλυ (môlu).
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /múː.lɐ/
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈmuː.l̪ɐ/
Noun
मूल • (mū́la) n
- root
- radish
- base, foundation
- origin, beginning
- cause
Declension
Neuter a-stem declension of मूल (mū́la) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | मूलम् mū́lam | मूले mū́le | मूलानि / मूला¹ mū́lāni / mū́lā¹ |
Vocative | मूल mū́la | मूले mū́le | मूलानि / मूला¹ mū́lāni / mū́lā¹ |
Accusative | मूलम् mū́lam | मूले mū́le | मूलानि / मूला¹ mū́lāni / mū́lā¹ |
Instrumental | मूलेन mū́lena | मूलाभ्याम् mū́lābhyām | मूलैः / मूलेभिः¹ mū́laiḥ / mū́lebhiḥ¹ |
Dative | मूलाय mū́lāya | मूलाभ्याम् mū́lābhyām | मूलेभ्यः mū́lebhyaḥ |
Ablative | मूलात् mū́lāt | मूलाभ्याम् mū́lābhyām | मूलेभ्यः mū́lebhyaḥ |
Genitive | मूलस्य mū́lasya | मूलयोः mū́layoḥ | मूलानाम् mū́lānām |
Locative | मूले mū́le | मूलयोः mū́layoḥ | मूलेषु mū́leṣu |
Notes |
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Derived terms
- मूलक (mūlaka)
- मौल (maula)
- मूलाधार (mūlādhāra)
- उन्मूलयति (unmūlayati)
- जिह्वामूलीय (jihvā́mūlīya)
- दन्तमूलीय (dántamūlīya)
Descendants
- → Indonesian: mula
- → Malay: mula
- → Tagalog: mula
- Tamil: மூலம் (mūlam)
- → Telugu: మూలము (mūlamu)
- Ardhamagadhi Prakrit:
- Bengali: মূল (mūl)
- Pali: mūla
- Khmer: មូល (muul)
- Lao: ມູນ (mūn)
- Burmese: မူလ (mula.)
- Shan: မူႇလႃႉ (mùu lâ̰a)
- Thai: มูล (muun)
- Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀫𑀽𑀮 (mūla)
- Old Marathi: मुळी f (muḷī)
- Marathi: मुळा m (muḷā)
- Old Marathi: मुळी f (muḷī)
- Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀫𑀽𑀮 (mūla)
- Gujarati: મૂળ (mūḷ)
- Hindi: मूल m (mūl)
- Hindi: मूली f (mūlī)
- English: mooli
- Punjabi: ਮੂਲ (mūl)
- Punjabi: ਮੂਲੀ (mūlī)
References
- Monier Williams (1899), “मूल”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, OCLC 458052227, page 826.
- Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “mūˊla”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press