मिथुन

See also: मैथुन

Marathi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit मिथुन (mithuna).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /mi.t̪ʰun/, [mi.t̪ʰuːn]

Noun

मिथुन • (mithun) n

(astrology, sometimes masculine) the sign of the zodiac Gemini or the third arc of 30 degrees in a circle

Pali

Alternative forms

mithuna (Latin script)
𑀫𑀺𑀣𑀼𑀦 (Brahmi script)
মিথুন (Bengali script)
මිථුන (Sinhalese script)
မိထုန or မိထုၼ (Burmese script)
มิถุน or มิถุนะ (Thai script)
ᨾᩥᨳᩩᨶ (Tai Tham script)
ມິຖຸນ or ມິຖຸນະ (Lao script)
មិថុន (Khmer script)
𑄟𑄨𑄗𑄪𑄚 (Chakma script)

Noun

मिथुन n

Devanagari script form of mithuna

Declension

Declension table of "मिथुन" (neuter)

Case \\ Number	Singular	Plural
Nominative (first)	मिथुनं (mithunaṃ)	मिथुनानि (mithunāni)
Accusative (second)	मिथुनं (mithunaṃ)	मिथुनानि (mithunāni)
Instrumental (third)	मिथुनेन (mithunena)	मिथुनेहि (mithunehi) or मिथुनेभि (mithunebhi)
Dative (fourth)	मिथुनस्स (mithunassa) or मिथुनाय (mithunāya) or मिथुनत्थं (mithunatthaṃ)	मिथुनानं (mithunānaṃ)
Ablative (fifth)	मिथुनस्मा (mithunasmā) or मिथुनम्हा (mithunamhā) or मिथुना (mithunā)	मिथुनेहि (mithunehi) or मिथुनेभि (mithunebhi)
Genitive (sixth)	मिथुनस्स (mithunassa)	मिथुनानं (mithunānaṃ)
Locative (seventh)	मिथुनस्मिं (mithunasmiṃ) or मिथुनम्हि (mithunamhi) or मिथुने (mithune)	मिथुनेसु (mithunesu)
Vocative (calling)	मिथुन (mithuna)	मिथुनानि (mithunāni)

Sanskrit

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

ᬫᬶᬣᬸᬦ (Balinese script)
মিথুন (Assamese script)
মিথুন (Bengali script)
𑰦𑰰𑰞𑰲𑰡 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀫𑀺𑀣𑀼𑀦 (Brahmi script)
𑌮𑌿𑌥𑍁𑌨 (Grantha script)
મિથુન (Gujarati script)
ਮਿਥੁਨ (Gurmukhi script)
ꦩꦶꦡꦸꦤ (Javanese script)
មិថុន (Khmer script)
ಮಿಥುನ (Kannada script)
ມິຖຸນ (Lao script)
മിഥുന (Malayalam script)
𑘦𑘱𑘞𑘳𑘡 (Modi script)
ᠮᢈᠲᠤᠨᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
ᠮᡳᡨᡠᠨᠠ (Manchu script)
မိထုန (Burmese script)
𑧆𑧒𑦾𑧔𑧁 (Nandinagari script)
𑐩𑐶𑐠𑐸𑐣 (Newa script)
ମିଥୁନ (Oriya script)
ꢪꢶꢢꢸꢥ (Saurashtra script)
𑆩𑆴𑆡𑆶𑆤 (Sharada script)
𑖦𑖰𑖞𑖲𑖡 (Siddham script)
මිථුන (Sinhalese script)
మిథున (Telugu script)
มิถุน (Thai script)
མི་ཐུ་ན (Tibetan script)
𑒧𑒱𑒟𑒳𑒢 (Tirhuta script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *meyth₂- (“to exchange”) an extension of *mey- (“to exchange”). Cognate with Latin mutō whence English mutate, mutual; Latin mittō (“send”) whence English emit, mission, etc.; Proto-Slavic *mьstь (“revenge, vengeance”); English mis-, miss.

Also cf. Mitra, the Indo-Iranian god of contracts.

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /mi.tʰu.nɐ/
(Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈmi.t̪ʰu.n̪ɐ/

Adjective

मिथुन • (mithuná)

paired, forming a pair
- RV 1.173.2d
  अर्चद वर्षा वर्षभिः सवेदुहव्यैर्म्र्गो नाश्नो अति यज्जुगुर्यात |
  पर मन्दयुर्मनां गूर्त होता भरते मर्यो मिथुना यजत्रः ||
  arcad vṛṣā vṛṣabhiḥ sveduhavyairmṛgho nāśno ati yajjughuryāt |
  pra mandayurmanāṃ ghūrta hotā bharate maryo mithunā yajatraḥ ||
  Let the Bull sing with Bulls whose toil is worship, with a loud roar like some wild beast that hungers.
  Praised God! the glad priest brings his heart's devotion; the holy youth presents twofold oblation.

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of मिथुन
Nom. sg.	मिथुनः (mithunaḥ)
Gen. sg.	मिथुनस्य (mithunasya)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	मिथुनः (mithunaḥ)	मिथुनौ (mithunau)	मिथुनाः (mithunāḥ)
Vocative	मिथुन (mithuna)	मिथुनौ (mithunau)	मिथुनाः (mithunāḥ)
Accusative	मिथुनम् (mithunam)	मिथुनौ (mithunau)	मिथुनान् (mithunān)
Instrumental	मिथुनेन (mithunena)	मिथुनाभ्याम् (mithunābhyām)	मिथुनैः (mithunaiḥ)
Dative	मिथुनाय (mithunāya)	मिथुनाभ्याम् (mithunābhyām)	मिथुनेभ्यः (mithunebhyaḥ)
Ablative	मिथुनात् (mithunāt)	मिथुनाभ्याम् (mithunābhyām)	मिथुनेभ्यः (mithunebhyaḥ)
Genitive	मिथुनस्य (mithunasya)	मिथुनयोः (mithunayoḥ)	मिथुनानाम् (mithunānām)
Locative	मिथुने (mithune)	मिथुनयोः (mithunayoḥ)	मिथुनेषु (mithuneṣu)

Feminine ā-stem declension of मिथुन
Nom. sg.	मिथुना (mithunā)
Gen. sg.	मिथुनायाः (mithunāyāḥ)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	मिथुना (mithunā)	मिथुने (mithune)	मिथुनाः (mithunāḥ)
Vocative	मिथुने (mithune)	मिथुने (mithune)	मिथुनाः (mithunāḥ)
Accusative	मिथुनाम् (mithunām)	मिथुने (mithune)	मिथुनाः (mithunāḥ)
Instrumental	मिथुनया (mithunayā)	मिथुनाभ्याम् (mithunābhyām)	मिथुनाभिः (mithunābhiḥ)
Dative	मिथुनायै (mithunāyai)	मिथुनाभ्याम् (mithunābhyām)	मिथुनाभ्यः (mithunābhyaḥ)
Ablative	मिथुनायाः (mithunāyāḥ)	मिथुनाभ्याम् (mithunābhyām)	मिथुनाभ्यः (mithunābhyaḥ)
Genitive	मिथुनायाः (mithunāyāḥ)	मिथुनयोः (mithunayoḥ)	मिथुनानाम् (mithunānām)
Locative	मिथुनायाम् (mithunāyām)	मिथुनयोः (mithunayoḥ)	मिथुनासु (mithunāsu)

Neuter a-stem declension of मिथुन
Nom. sg.	मिथुनम् (mithunam)
Gen. sg.	मिथुनस्य (mithunasya)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	मिथुनम् (mithunam)	मिथुने (mithune)	मिथुनानि (mithunāni)
Vocative	मिथुन (mithuna)	मिथुने (mithune)	मिथुनानि (mithunāni)
Accusative	मिथुनम् (mithunam)	मिथुने (mithune)	मिथुनानि (mithunāni)
Instrumental	मिथुनेन (mithunena)	मिथुनाभ्याम् (mithunābhyām)	मिथुनैः (mithunaiḥ)
Dative	मिथुनाय (mithunāya)	मिथुनाभ्याम् (mithunābhyām)	मिथुनेभ्यः (mithunebhyaḥ)
Ablative	मिथुनात् (mithunāt)	मिथुनाभ्याम् (mithunābhyām)	मिथुनेभ्यः (mithunebhyaḥ)
Genitive	मिथुनस्य (mithunasya)	मिथुनयोः (mithunayoḥ)	मिथुनानाम् (mithunānām)
Locative	मिथुने (mithune)	मिथुनयोः (mithunayoḥ)	मिथुनेषु (mithuneṣu)

Noun

मिथुन • (mithuná) m

a pair (male and female; but also "any couple or pair")
- RV 1.144.4b
  यमीं दवा सवयसा सपर्यतः समाने योना मिथुना समोकसा |
  दिवा न नक्तं पलितो युवाजनि पुरू चरन्नजरो मानुषा युगा ||
  yamīṃ dvā savayasā saparyataḥ samāne yonā mithunā samokasā |
  divā na naktaṃ palito yuvājani purū carannajaro mānuṣā yughā ||
  He whom the two copartners with observance tend, the pair who dwell together in the same abode,
  By night as in the day the grey one was born young, passing untouched by eld through many an age of man.

Usage notes

Usually dual. In later language, mostly n. At the end of a compound. feminine in -ā.

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of मिथुन
Nom. sg.	मिथुनः (mithunaḥ)
Gen. sg.	मिथुनस्य (mithunasya)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	मिथुनः (mithunaḥ)	मिथुनौ (mithunau)	मिथुनाः (mithunāḥ)
Vocative	मिथुन (mithuna)	मिथुनौ (mithunau)	मिथुनाः (mithunāḥ)
Accusative	मिथुनम् (mithunam)	मिथुनौ (mithunau)	मिथुनान् (mithunān)
Instrumental	मिथुनेन (mithunena)	मिथुनाभ्याम् (mithunābhyām)	मिथुनैः (mithunaiḥ)
Dative	मिथुनाय (mithunāya)	मिथुनाभ्याम् (mithunābhyām)	मिथुनेभ्यः (mithunebhyaḥ)
Ablative	मिथुनात् (mithunāt)	मिथुनाभ्याम् (mithunābhyām)	मिथुनेभ्यः (mithunebhyaḥ)
Genitive	मिथुनस्य (mithunasya)	मिथुनयोः (mithunayoḥ)	मिथुनानाम् (mithunānām)
Locative	मिथुने (mithune)	मिथुनयोः (mithunayoḥ)	मिथुनेषु (mithuneṣu)

Derived terms

मैथुन (maithuna)

Descendants

→ Burmese: မေထုန် (mehtun)
→ English: mithuna (learned)
→ Khmer: មិថុនា (mithonaa)
Pali: mithuna
→ Malayalam: മിഥുനം (mithunaṃ)
Marathi: मिथुन (mithun)
→ Tamil: மிதுனம் (mituṉam)
→ Telugu: మిథునము (mithunamu)
→ Thai: เมถุน (mee-tǔn), มิถุนายน (mí-tù-naa-yon)

Noun

मिथुन • (mithuná) n

pairing, copulation
a pair or couple (but also "twins")
(astrology, sometimes masculine) the sign of the zodiac Gemini or the third arc of 30 degrees in a circle
the other part, complement or companion of anything (also applied to a kind of small statue at the entrance of a temple)
honey and ghee
(grammar) root compounded with a preposition

Declension

Neuter a-stem declension of मिथुन
Nom. sg.	मिथुनम् (mithunam)
Gen. sg.	मिथुनस्य (mithunasya)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	मिथुनम् (mithunam)	मिथुने (mithune)	मिथुनानि (mithunāni)
Vocative	मिथुन (mithuna)	मिथुने (mithune)	मिथुनानि (mithunāni)
Accusative	मिथुनम् (mithunam)	मिथुने (mithune)	मिथुनानि (mithunāni)
Instrumental	मिथुनेन (mithunena)	मिथुनाभ्याम् (mithunābhyām)	मिथुनैः (mithunaiḥ)
Dative	मिथुनाय (mithunāya)	मिथुनाभ्याम् (mithunābhyām)	मिथुनेभ्यः (mithunebhyaḥ)
Ablative	मिथुनात् (mithunāt)	मिथुनाभ्याम् (mithunābhyām)	मिथुनेभ्यः (mithunebhyaḥ)
Genitive	मिथुनस्य (mithunasya)	मिथुनयोः (mithunayoḥ)	मिथुनानाम् (mithunānām)
Locative	मिथुने (mithune)	मिथुनयोः (mithunayoḥ)	मिथुनेषु (mithuneṣu)

References

Monier Williams (1899), “मिथुन”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, OCLC 458052227, page 816.
Alexander Lubotsky, A Rgvedic Word Concordance, American Oriental Society, 1997, lemma mithuná