मात्सर्य
Sanskrit
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- ᬫᬵᬢ᭄ᬲᬃᬬ (Balinese script)
- মাত্সৰ্য (Assamese script)
- মাত্সর্য (Bengali script)
- 𑰦𑰯𑰝𑰿𑰭𑰨𑰿𑰧 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀫𑀸𑀢𑁆𑀲𑀭𑁆𑀬 (Brahmi script)
- 𑌮𑌾𑌤𑍍𑌸𑌰𑍍𑌯 (Grantha script)
- માત્સર્ય (Gujarati script)
- ਮਾਤੑਸਰੑਯ (Gurmukhi script)
- ꦩꦴꦠ꧀ꦱꦫꦾ (Javanese script)
- មាត្សយ៌ (Khmer script)
- ಮಾತ್ಸರ್ಯ (Kannada script)
- ມາຕ຺ສຣ຺ຍ (Lao script)
- മാത്സര്യ (Malayalam script)
- 𑘦𑘰𑘝𑘿𑘭𑘨𑘿𑘧 (Modi script)
- ᠮᠠᢗᢐᠰᠠᠷᠶᠠ (Mongolian script)
- ᠮᠠ᠊ᠠᢠᠰ᠌ᠠᡵᠶᠠ (Manchu script)
- မာတ္သရျ (Burmese script)
- 𑧆𑧑𑦽𑧠𑧍𑧈𑧠𑧇 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐩𑐵𑐟𑑂𑐳𑐬𑑂𑐫 (Newa script)
- ମାତ୍ସର୍ଯ (Oriya script)
- ꢪꢵꢡ꣄ꢱꢬ꣄ꢫ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆩𑆳𑆠𑇀𑆱𑆫𑇀𑆪 (Sharada script)
- 𑖦𑖯𑖝𑖿𑖭𑖨𑖿𑖧 (Siddham script)
- මාත්සර්ය (Sinhalese script)
- మాత్సర్య (Telugu script)
- มาตฺสรฺย (Thai script)
- མཱ་ཏྶ་རྱ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒧𑒰𑒞𑓂𑒮𑒩𑓂𑒨 (Tirhuta script)
Etymology
From मत्सर (matsara, “jealous”) + -य (-ya).
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /mɑːt̪ˈs̪ɐɾ.jɐ/
Noun
मात्सर्य • (mātsarya) n (Classical Sanskrit)
- envy, jealousy
- Synonyms: ईर्ष्या (īrṣyā), असूया (asūyā)
- c. 600 BCE – 200 BCE, Caraka, Caraka Saṃhitā 4.3.13.3-4:
- स्मार्तं हि ज्ञानमात्मनस्तस्यैव मनसोऽनुबन्धादनुवर्तते यस्यानुवृत्तिं पुरस्कृत्य पुरुषो जातिस्मर इत्युच्यते ।
यानि खल्वस्य गर्भस्य सत्त्वजानि यान्यस्य सत्त्वतः सम्भवतः सम्भवन्ति तान्यनुव्याख्यास्यामः तद्यथा भक्तिः शीलं शौचं द्वेषः स्मृतिर्मोहस्त्यागो मात्सर्यं शौर्यं भयं क्रोधस्तन्द्रोत्साहस्तैक्ष्ण्यं मार्दवं गाम्भीर्यमनवस्थितत्वमित्येवमादयश्चान्ये ते सत्त्वविकारा यानुत्तरकालं सत्त्वभेदमधिकृत्योपदेक्ष्यामः ॥- smārtaṃ hi jñānamātmanastasyaiva manasoʼnubandhādanuvartate yasyānuvṛttiṃ puraskṛtya puruṣo jātismara ityucyate .
yāni khalvasya garbhasya sattvajāni yānyasya sattvataḥ sambhavataḥ sambhavanti tānyanuvyākhyāsyāmaḥ tadyathā bhaktiḥ śīlaṃ śaucaṃ dveṣaḥ smṛtirmohastyāgo mātsaryaṃ śauryaṃ bhayaṃ krodhastandrotsāhastaikṣṇyaṃ mārdavaṃ gāmbhīryamanavasthitatvamityevamādayaścānye te sattvavikārā yānuttarakālaṃ sattvabhedamadhikṛtyopadekṣyāmaḥ . - We shall now enumerate the mind-born parts of the embryo, i. e those that pass from the mind, to the embryo during its formation. These are - inclination, character, purity, hate, recollection, infatuation, liberality, envy, valour, fear, anger, torpor, enthusiasm, keenness, softness, profundity, fickleness, and such others; as also the conditions of the mind, which we shall later describe in connection with the analysis of mind. The mind is indeed of diverse dispositions; all these obtain in the same man but not at the same time. When a man is said to be of a particular disposition, he is said to be so by reason of its preponderance.
- smārtaṃ hi jñānamātmanastasyaiva manasoʼnubandhādanuvartate yasyānuvṛttiṃ puraskṛtya puruṣo jātismara ityucyate .
- स्मार्तं हि ज्ञानमात्मनस्तस्यैव मनसोऽनुबन्धादनुवर्तते यस्यानुवृत्तिं पुरस्कृत्य पुरुषो जातिस्मर इत्युच्यते ।
- c. 800 CE, Ādi Śaṃkara, Nirvāṇa Ṣaṭka 3.1:
- न मे द्वेषरागौ न मे लोभमोहौ
मदो नैव मे नैव मात्सर्यभावः ।- na me dveṣarāgau na me lobhamohau
mado naiva me naiva mātsaryabhāvaḥ . - Neither do I have love and hate, nor greed and infatuation;
Neither do I have intoxication nor envy
- na me dveṣarāgau na me lobhamohau
- न मे द्वेषरागौ न मे लोभमोहौ
Declension
| Neuter a-stem declension of मात्सर्य (mātsarya) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | मात्सर्यम् mātsaryam | मात्सर्ये mātsarye | मात्सर्याणि / मात्सर्या¹ mātsaryāṇi / mātsaryā¹ |
| Vocative | मात्सर्य mātsarya | मात्सर्ये mātsarye | मात्सर्याणि / मात्सर्या¹ mātsaryāṇi / mātsaryā¹ |
| Accusative | मात्सर्यम् mātsaryam | मात्सर्ये mātsarye | मात्सर्याणि / मात्सर्या¹ mātsaryāṇi / mātsaryā¹ |
| Instrumental | मात्सर्येण mātsaryeṇa | मात्सर्याभ्याम् mātsaryābhyām | मात्सर्यैः / मात्सर्येभिः¹ mātsaryaiḥ / mātsaryebhiḥ¹ |
| Dative | मात्सर्याय mātsaryāya | मात्सर्याभ्याम् mātsaryābhyām | मात्सर्येभ्यः mātsaryebhyaḥ |
| Ablative | मात्सर्यात् mātsaryāt | मात्सर्याभ्याम् mātsaryābhyām | मात्सर्येभ्यः mātsaryebhyaḥ |
| Genitive | मात्सर्यस्य mātsaryasya | मात्सर्ययोः mātsaryayoḥ | मात्सर्याणाम् mātsaryāṇām |
| Locative | मात्सर्ये mātsarye | मात्सर्ययोः mātsaryayoḥ | मात्सर्येषु mātsaryeṣu |
| Notes |
| ||
References
- Monier Williams (1899), “मात्सर्य”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, OCLC 458052227, page 808, column 1.
- Hellwig, Oliver (2010-2023), “mātsarya”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.
- Apte, Vaman Shivram (1890), “मात्सर्य”, in The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary, Poona: Prasad Prakashan, page 1259