भवति

Pali

Alternative forms

bhavati (Latin script)
𑀪𑀯𑀢𑀺 (Brahmi script)
ভৰতি (Bengali script)
භවති (Sinhalese script)
ဘဝတိ or ꧤဝတိ (Burmese script)
ภวติ or ภะวะติ (Thai script)
ᨽᩅᨲᩥ (Tai Tham script)
ຠວຕິ or ຠະວະຕິ or ພະວະຕິ (Lao script)
ភវតិ (Khmer script)
𑄞𑅇𑄖𑄨 (Chakma script)

Verb

भवति (root bhū, first conjugation)

Devanagari script form of bhavati (“to become”)

Conjugation

Conjugation of "भवति"

	Active		Middle
	Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural
Present
1st	भवामि (bhavāmi)	भवाम (bhavāma)	भवे (bhave)	भवाम्हे (bhavāmhe)
2nd	भवसि (bhavasi)	भवथ (bhavatha)	भवसे (bhavase)	भवव्हे (bhavavhe)
3rd	भवति (bhavati)	भवन्ति (bhavanti)	भवते (bhavate)	भवन्ते (bhavante) or भवरे (bhavare)
Imperfect
1st	अभव (abhava) or अभवं (abhavaṃ) or भव (bhava) or भवं (bhavaṃ)	अभवम्हा (abhavamhā) or भवम्हा (bhavamhā)	अभविं (abhaviṃ) or भविं (bhaviṃ)	अभवाम्हसे (abhavāmhase) or अभवम्हसे (abhavamhase) or भवाम्हसे (bhavāmhase) or भवम्हसे (bhavamhase)
2nd	अभवो (abhavo) or भवो (bhavo)	अभवत्थ (abhavattha) or भवत्थ (bhavattha)	अभवसे (abhavase) or भवसे (bhavase)	अभवव्हं (abhavavhaṃ) or भवव्हं (bhavavhaṃ)
3rd	अभव (abhava) or अभवा (abhavā) or भव (bhava) or भवा (bhavā)	अभवु (abhavu) or अभवू (abhavū) or भवु (bhavu) or भवू (bhavū)	अभवत्थ (abhavattha) or भवत्थ (bhavattha)	अभवत्थुं (abhavatthuṃ) or भवत्थुं (bhavatthuṃ)
Imperative
1st	भवामि (bhavāmi)	भवाम (bhavāma)	भवे (bhave)	भवामसे (bhavāmase)
2nd	भव (bhava) or भवाहि (bhavāhi)	भवथ (bhavatha)	भवस्सु (bhavassu)	भवव्हो (bhavavho)
3rd	भवतु (bhavatu)	भवन्तु (bhavantu)	भवतं (bhavataṃ)	भवन्तं (bhavantaṃ)
Optative
1st	भवेय्यामि (bhaveyyāmi) or भवेय्यं (bhaveyyaṃ) or भवे (bhave)	भवेय्याम (bhaveyyāma)	भवेय्यं (bhaveyyaṃ)	भवेय्याम्हे (bhaveyyāmhe)
2nd	भवेय्यासि (bhaveyyāsi) or भवे (bhave)	भवेय्याथ (bhaveyyātha)	भवेथो (bhavetho)	भवेय्यव्हो (bhaveyyavho)
3rd	भवेय्य (bhaveyya) or भवे (bhave)	भवेय्युं (bhaveyyuṃ)	भवेथ (bhavetha)	भवेरं (bhaveraṃ)

Present active participle: भवन्त् (bhavant), which see for forms and usage
Present middle participle: भवमान (bhavamāna), which see for forms and usage
Past participle: भूत (bhūta), which see for forms and usage

Adjective

भवति (bhavati)

Devanagari script form of bhavati, which is masculine/neuter locative singular of भवन्त् (bhavant), present participle of the verb above

Sanskrit

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

ᬪᬯᬢᬶ (Balinese script)
ভৱতি (Assamese script)
ভবতি (Bengali script)
𑰥𑰪𑰝𑰰 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀪𑀯𑀢𑀺 (Brahmi script)
𑌭𑌵𑌤𑌿 (Grantha script)
ભવતિ (Gujarati script)
ਭਵਤਿ (Gurmukhi script)
ꦨꦮꦠꦶ (Javanese script)
ភវតិ (Khmer script)
ಭವತಿ (Kannada script)
ຠວຕິ (Lao script)
ഭവതി (Malayalam script)
𑘥𑘪𑘝𑘱 (Modi script)
ᠪᠾᠠᠸᠠᢐᢈ (Mongolian script)
ᢨᠠᠸᠠᢠᡳ (Manchu script)
ဘဝတိ (Burmese script)
𑧅𑧊𑦽𑧒 (Nandinagari script)
𑐨𑐰𑐟𑐶 (Newa script)
ଭଵତି (Oriya script)
ꢩꢮꢡꢶ (Saurashtra script)
𑆨𑆮𑆠𑆴 (Sharada script)
𑖥𑖪𑖝𑖰 (Siddham script)
භවති (Sinhalese script)
భవతి (Telugu script)
ภวติ (Thai script)
བྷ་ཝ་ཏི (Tibetan script)
𑒦𑒫𑒞𑒱 (Tirhuta script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *bʰáwHati, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰéwH-e-ti, an innovated verb stem derived from *bʰuH- (“to appear, become, rise up”).

Cognate with Ancient Greek φύω (phúō), Avestan 𐬠𐬎‎ (bu), Latin fuī, Old English bēon (whence English be).

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /bʱɐ́.ʋɐ.ti/
(Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈbʱɐ.ʋɐ.t̪i/

Verb

भवति • (bhávati) (root भू, class 1, type P)

to become; be
संस्कृते त्रीणि वचनानि भवन्ति।
saṃskṛte trīṇi vacanāni bhavanti.
There are three grammatical numbers in Sanskrit.
Synonym: अस्ति (asti)
to happen
to constitute

Conjugation

Forms of Sanskrit verbs are numerous and complicated. The following conjugation shows only a subset of all forms and should be treated as a guide.

Nonfinite Forms: भवितुम् (bhávitum)
	Undeclinable
Infinitive	भवितुम् bhávitum
Gerund	भूत्वा bhūtvā́
	Participles
Masculine/Neuter Gerundive	भव्य / भवितव्य bhavya / bhavitavya
Feminine Gerundive	भव्या / भवितव्या bhavyā / bhavitavyā
Masculine/Neuter Past Passive Participle	भूत bhūtá
Feminine Past Passive Participle	भूता bhūtā́
Masculine/Neuter Past Active Participle	भूतवत् bhūtávat
Feminine Past Active Participle	भूतवती bhūtávatī

Present: भवति (bhávati), भवते (bhávate), भूयते (bhūyáte)
	Active			Middle			Passive
	Singular	Dual	Plural	Singular	Dual	Plural	Singular	Dual	Plural
Indicative
Third	भवति bhávati	भवतः bhávataḥ	भवन्ति bhávanti	भवते bhávate	भवेते bhávete	भवन्ते bhávante	भूयते bhūyáte	भूयेते bhūyéte	भूयन्ते bhūyánte
Second	भवसि bhávasi	भवथः bhávathaḥ	भवथ bhávatha	भवसे bhávase	भवेथे bhávethe	भवध्वे bhávadhve	भूयसे bhūyáse	भूयेथे bhūyéthe	भूयध्वे bhūyádhve
First	भवामि bhávāmi	भवावः bhávāvaḥ	भवामः bhávāmaḥ	भवे bháve	भवावहे bhávāvahe	भवामहे bhávāmahe	भूये bhūyé	भूयावहे bhūyā́vahe	भूयामहे bhūyā́mahe
Imperative
Third	भवतु / भवतात् bhávatu / bhávatāt	भवताम् bhávatām	भवन्तु bhávantu	भवताम् bhávatām	भवेताम् bhávetām	भवन्तम् bhávantam	भूयताम् bhūyátām	भूयेताम् bhūyétām	भूयन्तम् bhūyántam
Second	भव / भवतात् bháva / bhávatāt	भवतम् bhávatam	भवत bhávata	भवस्व bhávasva	भवेथाम् bhávethām	भवध्वम् bhávadhvam	भूयस्व bhūyásva	भूयेथाम् bhūyéthām	भूयध्वम् bhūyádhvam
First	भवानि bhávāni	भवाव bhávāva	भवाम bhávāma	भवै bhávai	भवावहै bhávāvahai	भवामहै bhávāmahai	भूयै bhūyaí	भूयावहै bhūyā́vahai	भूयामहै bhūyā́mahai
Optative/Potential
Third	भवेत् bhávet	भवेताम् bhávetām	भवेयुः bháveyuḥ	भवेत bháveta	भवेयाताम् bháveyātām	भवेरन् bháveran	भूयेत bhūyéta	भूयेयाताम् bhūyéyātām	भूयेरन् bhūyéran
Second	भवेः bháveḥ	भवेतम् bhávetam	भवेत bháveta	भवेथाः bhávethāḥ	भवेयाथाम् bháveyāthām	भवेध्वम् bhávedhvam	भूयेथाः bhūyéthāḥ	भूयेयाथाम् bhūyéyāthām	भूयेध्वम् bhūyédhvam
First	भवेयम् bháveyam	भवेव bháveva	भवेमः bhávemaḥ	भवेय bháveya	भवेवहि bhávevahi	भवेमहि bhávemahi	भूयेय bhūyéya	भूयेवहि bhūyévahi	भूयेमहि bhūyémahi
Participles
	भवत् bhávat			भवमान bhávamāna			भूयमान bhūyámāna

Imperfect: अभवत् (ábhavat), अभवत (ábhavata), अभूयत (ábhūyata)
	Active			Middle			Passive
	Singular	Dual	Plural	Singular	Dual	Plural	Singular	Dual	Plural
Indicative
Third	अभवत् ábhavat	अभवताम् ábhavatām	अभवन् ábhavan	अभवत ábhavata	अभवेताम् ábhavetām	अभवन्त ábhavanta	अभूयत ábhūyata	अभूयेताम् ábhūyetām	अभूयन्त ábhūyanta
Second	अभवः ábhavaḥ	अभवतम् ábhavatam	अभवत ábhavata	अभवथाः ábhavathāḥ	अभवेथाम् ábhavethām	अभवध्वम् ábhavadhvam	अभूयथाः ábhūyathāḥ	अभूयेथाम् ábhūyethām	अभूयध्वम् ábhūyadhvam
First	अभवम् ábhavam	अभवाव ábhavāva	अभवाम ábhavāma	अभवे ábhave	अभवावहि ábhavāvahi	अभवामहि ábhavāmahi	अभूये ábhūye	अभूयावहि ábhūyāvahi	अभूयामहि ábhūyāmahi

Future: भविष्यति (bhaviṣyáti), भविष्यते (bhaviṣyáte)
	Active			Middle/Passive
	Singular	Dual	Plural	Singular	Dual	Plural
Simple Indicative
Third	भविष्यति bhaviṣyáti	भविष्यतः bhaviṣyátaḥ	भविष्यन्ति bhaviṣyánti	भविष्यते bhaviṣyáte	भविष्येते bhaviṣyéte	भविष्यन्ते bhaviṣyánte
Second	भविष्यसि bhaviṣyási	भविष्यथः bhaviṣyáthaḥ	भविष्यथ bhaviṣyátha	भविष्यसे bhaviṣyáse	भविष्येथे bhaviṣyéthe	भविष्यध्वे bhaviṣyádhve
First	भविष्यामि bhaviṣyā́mi	भविष्यावः bhaviṣyā́vaḥ	भविष्यामः bhaviṣyā́maḥ	भविष्ये bhaviṣyé	भविष्यावहे bhaviṣyā́vahe	भविष्यामहे bhaviṣyā́mahe
Periphrastic Indicative
Third	भविता bhavitā́	भवितारौ bhavitā́rau	भवितारः bhavitā́raḥ	भविता bhavitā́	भवितारौ bhavitā́rau	भवितारः bhavitā́raḥ
Second	भवितासि bhavitā́si	भवितास्थः bhavitā́sthaḥ	भवितास्थ bhavitā́stha	भवितासे bhavitā́se	भवितासाथे bhavitā́sāthe	भविताध्वे bhavitā́dhve
First	भवितास्मि bhavitā́smi	भवितास्वः bhavitā́svaḥ	भवितास्मः bhavitā́smaḥ	भविताहे bhavitā́he	भवितास्वहे bhavitā́svahe	भवितास्महे bhavitā́smahe
Participles
	भविष्यत् bhaviṣyát			भविष्याण bhaviṣyā́ṇa

Conditional: अभविष्यत् (ábhaviṣyat), अभविष्यत (ábhaviṣyata)
	Active			Middle/Passive
	Singular	Dual	Plural	Singular	Dual	Plural
Indicative
Third	अभविष्यत् ábhaviṣyat	अभविष्यताम् ábhaviṣyatām	अभविष्यन् ábhaviṣyan	अभविष्यत ábhaviṣyata	अभविष्येताम् ábhaviṣyetām	अभविष्यन्त ábhaviṣyanta
Second	अभविष्यः ábhaviṣyaḥ	अभविष्यतम् ábhaviṣyatam	अभविष्यत ábhaviṣyata	अभविष्यथाः ábhaviṣyathāḥ	अभविष्येथाम् ábhaviṣyethām	अभविष्यध्वम् ábhaviṣyadhvam
First	अभविष्यम् ábhaviṣyam	अभविष्याव ábhaviṣyāva	अभविष्याम ábhaviṣyāma	अभविष्ये ábhaviṣye	अभविष्यावहि ábhaviṣyāvahi	अभविष्यामहि ábhaviṣyāmahi

Aorist: अभूत् (ábhūt), अभविष्ट (ábhaviṣṭa)
	Active			Middle/Passive
	Singular	Dual	Plural	Singular	Dual	Plural
Indicative
Third	अभूत् ábhūt	अभूताम् ábhūtām	अभुवन् ábhuvan	अभविष्ट ábhaviṣṭa	अभविषाताम् ábhaviṣātām	अभविषत ábhaviṣata
Second	अभूः ábhūḥ	अभूतम् ábhūtam	अभूत ábhūta	अभविष्ठाः ábhaviṣṭhāḥ	अभविषाथाम् ábhaviṣāthām	अभविढ्वम् ábhaviḍhvam
First	अभूवम् ábhūvam	अभूव ábhūva	अभूम ábhūma	अभविषि ábhaviṣi	अभविष्वहि ábhaviṣvahi	अभविष्महि ábhaviṣmahi

Benedictive/Precative: भूयात् (bhūyā́t), भविषीष्ट (bhaviṣīṣṭá)
	Active			Middle/Passive
	Singular	Dual	Plural	Singular	Dual	Plural
Optative/Potential
Third	भूयात् bhūyā́t	भूयास्ताम् bhūyā́stām	भूयासुः bhūyā́suḥ	भविषीष्ट bhaviṣīṣṭá	भविषीयास्ताम् bhaviṣīyā́stām	भविषीरन् bhaviṣīrán
Second	भूयाः bhūyā́ḥ	भूयास्तम् bhūyā́stam	भूयास्त bhūyā́sta	भविषीष्ठाः bhaviṣīṣṭhā́ḥ	भविषीयास्थाम् bhaviṣīyā́sthām	भविषीध्वम् bhaviṣīdhvám
First	भूयासम् bhūyā́sam	भूयास्व bhūyā́sva	भूयास्म bhūyā́sma	भविषीय bhaviṣīyá	भविषीवहि bhaviṣīváhi	भविषीमहि bhaviṣīmáhi

Perfect: बभूव (babhū́va), बभूवे (babhūvé)
	Active			Middle/Passive
	Singular	Dual	Plural	Singular	Dual	Plural
Indicative
Third	बभूव babhū́va	बभूवतुः babhūvátuḥ	बभूवुः babhūvúḥ	बभूवे babhūvé	बभूवाते babhūvā́te	बभूविरे babhūviré
Second	बभूविथ babhū́vitha	बभूवथुः babhūváthuḥ	बभूव babhūvá	बभूविसे babhūvisé	बभूवाथे babhūvā́the	बभूविध्वे babhūvidhvé
First	बभूव babhū́va	बभूविव babhūvivá	बभूविम babhūvimá	बभूवे babhūvé	बभूविवहे babhūviváhe	बभूविमाहे babhūvimā́he
Participles
	बभूविवांस् babhūvivā́ṃs			बभूवान babhūvāná

Descendants

Pali: bhavati, hoti
Prakrit: 𑀪𑀯𑀇 (bhavaï), 𑀪𑀯𑀏 (bhavae)
- Khasa Prakrit:
  - Kumaoni: हुणो (“to be”)
  - Nepali: हुनु (hunu), हो (ho)
  - Western Pahari:
    - Bhadrawahi: भोणू (bhōṇū)
    - Pangwali: भूणा (bhūṇā)
- Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀳𑁄𑀢𑀺 (hoti)
  - Assamese: হাব (habo), হয় (hoy), হ (ho)
  - Bengali: হওয়া (hôwa), হয় (hôy)
  - Bihari: होएब
    - Maithili: होएब (hōēb)
  - Oriya: ହେବା (heba)
- Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀳𑁄𑀇 (hoi)
- Paisaci Prakrit:
  - Punjabi:
    Gurmukhi: ਹੋਣਾ (hoṇā), ਹੌਣਾ (hauṇā)
    Shahmukhi: حوݨَا‎ (ḥoṇā), حَوݨَا‎ (ḥauṇā)
    - Lahnda: [script needed] (ho-, “to become, be”)
- Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀪𑁄𑀤𑀺 (bhodi)
  - Old Hindi: अहै (ahai)
    - Hindi: है (hai)
  - Romani: ovel
  - Sindhi: huaṇu (“to be”)
    Devanagari: हुअणु
    Arabic: هُاڻُ‎
  - Gujarati: હોય (hoya), હોવું (hovũ)
Dardic:
- Ashkun: [script needed] (bōm, “to be”)
- Dameli: [script needed] (bum)
- Domaaki: [script needed] (huína, “to become, be”)
- Gawar-Bati: بو (bō), بم (bima)
- Indus Kohistani: [script needed] (hō̆-)
- Kalami: [script needed] (hū-, “to be, become”)
- Kalasha: [script needed] (hāw-, “to become”)
- Kashmiri: بۄون‎ (bọwun, “to become”)
- Khowar: بک‎ (bik, “to become”), بوم‎ (bōm)
- Phalura: ہن‎ (hinu)
- Shina: بوک‎ (boĭki̯, “to become”)
  - Kohistani Shina: بون (bōnṷ, “to be”)
- Shumashti: [script needed] (bo-, “to become”)
- Torwali: حو‎ (hō)
- Ushojo: بون (bōn)
- Wotapuri-Katarqalai: [script needed] (wō-)
→ Proto-Nuristani:
- Waigali: [script needed] (bū, “to become”)