बृहत्
See also: बहुत
Hindi
Alternative forms
- वृहत् (vŕhat), वृहत (vŕhat), बृहत (bŕhat)
Etymology
Learned borrowing from Sanskrit बृहत् (bṛhat). Doublet of बुलंद (buland).
Pronunciation
- (Delhi Hindi) IPA(key): /bɾɪ.ɦət̪/
Adjective
बृहत् • (bŕhat) (indeclinable)
- (literary, in compounds) large, great, big; mighty, strong
- 2006, Harendra Prasad Sinha, भारतीय दर्शन की रूपरेखा [Outline of Indian Philosophy], Motilal Banarsidass, →ISBN, page शरीर के आकार में अन्तर होने के कारण आत्मा के भी भिन्न-भिन्न आकार हो जाते हैं। हाथी में निवास करने वाली आत्मा का रूप बृहत् है।, →ISBN:
- Due to the difference in the size of the body, the soul also has varying shapes. The form of the soul residing in the elephant is large.
- Due to the difference in the size of the body, the soul also has varying shapes. The form of the soul residing in the elephant is large.
- (please add an English translation of this quote)
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References
- Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975), “बृहत्”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. Sea of Hindi words] (in Hindi), Kashi [Varanasi]: Nagari Pracarini Sabha, page 3542
- McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993), “बृहत्”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press, page 744
Sanskrit
Alternative forms
- वृहत् (vṛhat) – later variant
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- ᬩᬺᬳᬢ᭄ (Balinese script)
- বৃহত্ (Assamese script)
- বৃহত্ (Bengali script)
- 𑰤𑰴𑰮𑰝𑰿 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀩𑀾𑀳𑀢𑁆 (Brahmi script)
- 𑌬𑍃𑌹𑌤𑍍 (Grantha script)
- બૃહત્ (Gujarati script)
- ਬ੍ਹਹਤੑ (Gurmukhi script)
- ꦧꦽꦲꦠ꧀ (Javanese script)
- ព្ឫហត៑ (Khmer script)
- ಬೃಹತ್ (Kannada script)
- ພ຺ຣິຫຕ຺ (Lao script)
- ബൃഹത് (Malayalam script)
- 𑘤𑘵𑘮𑘝𑘿 (Modi script)
- ᠪᠷᢈᠾᠠᢐ (Mongolian script)
- ᠪᡵᡳᡥᠠᢠ (Manchu script)
- ဗၖဟတ် (Burmese script)
- 𑧄𑧖𑧎𑦽𑧠 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐧𑐺𑐴𑐟𑑂 (Newa script)
- ବୃହତ୍ (Oriya script)
- ꢨꢺꢲꢡ꣄ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆧𑆸𑆲𑆠𑇀 (Sharada script)
- 𑖤𑖴𑖮𑖝𑖿 (Siddham script)
- බෘහත් (Sinhalese script)
- బృహత్ (Telugu script)
- พฺฤหตฺ (Thai script)
- བྲྀ་ཧ་ཏ྄ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒥𑒵𑒯𑒞𑓂 (Tirhuta script)
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-Iranian *bʰr̥ȷ́ʰáns, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰérǵʰonts (“high, lofty”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬠𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬰𐬀𐬧𐬙 (bərəzaṇt), Persian بلند (buland). The Sanskrit root is बृह् (bṛh, “to be thick, grow great or strong, increase, expand”) .
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /br̩.ɦɐ́t/
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈbr̩.ɦɐt̪/
Adjective
बृहत् • (bṛhát)
- large, great, big, bulky, lofty; long, tall; mighty, strong
- c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 1.52.9.1:
- बृहत्स्वश्चन्द्रममवद्यदुक्थ्यमकृण्वत भियसा रोहणं दिवः ।
- bṛhatsvaścandramamavadyadukthyamakṛṇvata bhiyasā rohaṇaṃ divaḥ .
- In fear they raised the lofty self-resplendent hymn, praise giving and effectual, leading up to heaven.
- बृहत्स्वश्चन्द्रममवद्यदुक्थ्यमकृण्वत भियसा रोहणं दिवः ।
- c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 2.27.7.2:
- बृहन्मित्रस्य वरुणस्य शर्मोप स्याम पुरुवीरा अरिष्टाः ॥
- bṛhanmitrasya varuṇasya śarmopa syāma puruvīrā ariṣṭāḥ .
- May we uninjured, girt by many heroes, win Varuna's and Mitra's great protection.
- बृहन्मित्रस्य वरुणस्य शर्मोप स्याम पुरुवीरा अरिष्टाः ॥
- c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 9.108.9:
- अभि द्युम्नं बृहद्यश इषस्पते दिदीहि देव देवयुः । वि कोशं मध्यमं युव ॥
- abhi dyumnaṃ bṛhadyaśa iṣaspate didīhi deva devayuḥ . vi kośaṃ madhyamaṃ yuva .
- Make great glory shine on us, thou Lord of strengthening food, God, as the Friend of Gods: Unclose the fount of middle air.
- अभि द्युम्नं बृहद्यश इषस्पते दिदीहि देव देवयुः । वि कोशं मध्यमं युव ॥
- c. 700 CE – 900 CE, Bhāgavata Purāṇa 5.12.10.1:
- एवं कृशं स्थूलमणुर्बृहद्यदसच्च सज्जीवमजीवमन्यत् ।
- evaṃ kṛśaṃ sthūlamaṇurbṛhadyadasacca sajjīvamajīvamanyat .
- Thus, [all] that is skinny, fat, tiny, big is untrue and other true living things are lifeless.
- एवं कृशं स्थूलमणुर्बृहद्यदसच्च सज्जीवमजीवमन्यत् ।
- c. 500 BCE – 100 BCE, Rāmāyaṇa 6.53.22:
- काञ्चनाङ्गदकेयूरो निष्काभरणभूषितः । कुम्भकर्णो बृहत्कर्णः सुहुतोऽग्निरिवाबभौ ॥
- kāñcanāṅgadakeyūro niṣkābharaṇabhūṣitaḥ . kumbhakarṇo bṛhatkarṇaḥ suhutoʼgnirivābabhau .
- Kumbhakarna with long ears, adorned with golden armlets and bracelets worn on his upper arms along with ornament for his breast, shone like fire, well-fed with oblations.
- काञ्चनाङ्गदकेयूरो निष्काभरणभूषितः । कुम्भकर्णो बृहत्कर्णः सुहुतोऽग्निरिवाबभौ ॥
- clear, loud, hight (as sound)
Declension
| Masculine at-stem declension of बृहत् (bṛhat) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | बृहान् bṛhān | बृहन्तौ bṛhantau | बृहन्तः bṛhantaḥ |
| Vocative | बृहन् bṛhan | बृहन्तौ bṛhantau | बृहन्तः bṛhantaḥ |
| Accusative | बृहन्तम् bṛhantam | बृहन्तौ bṛhantau | बृहतः bṛhataḥ |
| Instrumental | बृहता bṛhatā | बृहद्भ्याम् bṛhadbhyām | बृहद्भिः bṛhadbhiḥ |
| Dative | बृहते bṛhate | बृहद्भ्याम् bṛhadbhyām | बृहद्भ्यः bṛhadbhyaḥ |
| Ablative | बृहतः bṛhataḥ | बृहद्भ्याम् bṛhadbhyām | बृहद्भ्यः bṛhadbhyaḥ |
| Genitive | बृहतः bṛhataḥ | बृहतोः bṛhatoḥ | बृहताम् bṛhatām |
| Locative | बृहति bṛhati | बृहतोः bṛhatoḥ | बृहत्सु bṛhatsu |
| Feminine ī-stem declension of बृहती (bṛhatī́) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | बृहती bṛhatī́ | बृहत्यौ / बृहती¹ bṛhatyaù / bṛhatī́¹ | बृहत्यः / बृहतीः¹ bṛhatyàḥ / bṛhatī́ḥ¹ |
| Vocative | बृहति bṛ́hati | बृहत्यौ / बृहती¹ bṛ́hatyau / bṛhatī́¹ | बृहत्यः / बृहतीः¹ bṛ́hatyaḥ / bṛ́hatīḥ¹ |
| Accusative | बृहतीम् bṛhatī́m | बृहत्यौ / बृहती¹ bṛhatyaù / bṛhatī́¹ | बृहतीः bṛhatī́ḥ |
| Instrumental | बृहत्या bṛhatyā̀ | बृहतीभ्याम् bṛhatī́bhyām | बृहतीभिः bṛhatī́bhiḥ |
| Dative | बृहत्यै bṛhatyaì | बृहतीभ्याम् bṛhatī́bhyām | बृहतीभ्यः bṛhatī́bhyaḥ |
| Ablative | बृहत्याः bṛhatyā̀ḥ | बृहतीभ्याम् bṛhatī́bhyām | बृहतीभ्यः bṛhatī́bhyaḥ |
| Genitive | बृहत्याः bṛhatyā̀ḥ | बृहत्योः bṛhatyòḥ | बृहतीनाम् bṛhatī́nām |
| Locative | बृहत्याम् bṛhatyā̀m | बृहत्योः bṛhatyòḥ | बृहतीषु bṛhatī́ṣu |
| Notes |
| ||
| Neuter at-stem declension of बृहत् (bṛhat) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | बृहत् bṛhat | बृहती bṛhatī | बृहन्ति bṛhanti |
| Vocative | बृहत् bṛhat | बृहती bṛhatī | बृहन्ति bṛhanti |
| Accusative | बृहत् bṛhat | बृहती bṛhatī | बृहन्ति bṛhanti |
| Instrumental | बृहता bṛhatā | बृहद्भ्याम् bṛhadbhyām | बृहद्भिः bṛhadbhiḥ |
| Dative | बृहते bṛhate | बृहद्भ्याम् bṛhadbhyām | बृहद्भ्यः bṛhadbhyaḥ |
| Ablative | बृहतः bṛhataḥ | बृहद्भ्याम् bṛhadbhyām | बृहद्भ्यः bṛhadbhyaḥ |
| Genitive | बृहतः bṛhataḥ | बृहतोः bṛhatoḥ | बृहताम् bṛhatām |
| Locative | बृहति bṛhati | बृहतोः bṛhatoḥ | बृहत्सु bṛhatsu |
Descendants
- Dhivehi: ބޮޑު (boḍu)
- → Hindi: बृहत् (bŕhat), वृहत् (vŕhat), वृहत (vŕhat), बृहत (bŕhat)
Noun
बृहत् • (bṛhát) n
- height
- sky, heaven
Declension
| Neuter at-stem declension of बृहत् (bṛhat) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | बृहत् bṛhat | बृहती bṛhatī | बृहन्ति bṛhanti |
| Vocative | बृहत् bṛhat | बृहती bṛhatī | बृहन्ति bṛhanti |
| Accusative | बृहत् bṛhat | बृहती bṛhatī | बृहन्ति bṛhanti |
| Instrumental | बृहता bṛhatā | बृहद्भ्याम् bṛhadbhyām | बृहद्भिः bṛhadbhiḥ |
| Dative | बृहते bṛhate | बृहद्भ्याम् bṛhadbhyām | बृहद्भ्यः bṛhadbhyaḥ |
| Ablative | बृहतः bṛhataḥ | बृहद्भ्याम् bṛhadbhyām | बृहद्भ्यः bṛhadbhyaḥ |
| Genitive | बृहतः bṛhataḥ | बृहतोः bṛhatoḥ | बृहताम् bṛhatām |
| Locative | बृहति bṛhati | बृहतोः bṛhatoḥ | बृहत्सु bṛhatsu |
Adverb
बृहत् • (bṛhat)
- greatly, much, highly
- mightily
- aloud, loudly
References
- Monier Williams (1899), “बृहत्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, OCLC 458052227, page 735.
- Hellwig, Oliver (2010-2023), “bṛhat”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.
- Apte, Vaman Shivram (1890), “बृहत्”, in The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary, Poona: Prasad Prakashan, page 1171
- Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893), “बृहत्”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press, page 197
- Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “br̥hánt”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 527