प्राण
See also: पुराण, प्राणु, पर्ण, and पूर्ण
Hindi
Etymology
Borrowed from Sanskrit प्राण (prāṇa).
Pronunciation
- (Delhi Hindi) IPA(key): /pɾɑːɳ/, [pɾä̃ːɳ]
Noun
प्राण • (prāṇ) m (Urdu spelling پران)
- vitality, life, spirit, animation
- उसके शरीर में कोई प्राण नहीं रहा।
- uske śarīr mẽ koī prāṇ nahī̃ rahā.
- There was no life left in his body.
- Synonyms: जान (jān), दम (dam)
- (chiefly in compounds) breath
Declension
Declension of प्राण (masc cons-stem)
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| direct | प्राण prāṇ | प्राण prāṇ |
| oblique | प्राण prāṇ | प्राणों prāṇõ |
| vocative | प्राण prāṇ | प्राणो prāṇo |
References
- Platts, John T. (1884), “प्राण”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
Sanskrit
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- ᬧ᭄ᬭᬵᬡ (Balinese script)
- প্ৰাণ (Assamese script)
- প্রাণ (Bengali script)
- 𑰢𑰿𑰨𑰯𑰜 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀧𑁆𑀭𑀸𑀡 (Brahmi script)
- 𑌪𑍍𑌰𑌾𑌣 (Grantha script)
- પ્રાણ (Gujarati script)
- ਪੑਰਾਣ (Gurmukhi script)
- ꦥꦿꦴꦟ (Javanese script)
- ប្រាណ (Khmer script)
- ಪ್ರಾಣ (Kannada script)
- ປ຺ຣາຓ (Lao script)
- പ്രാണ (Malayalam script)
- 𑘢𑘿𑘨𑘰𑘜 (Modi script)
- ᢒᠷᠠᢗᢏᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- ᢒᡵᠠ᠊ᠠᢏᠠ (Manchu script)
- ပြာဏ (Burmese script)
- 𑧂𑧠𑧈𑧑𑦼 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐥𑑂𑐬𑐵𑐞 (Newa script)
- ପ୍ରାଣ (Oriya script)
- ꢦ꣄ꢬꢵꢠ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆥𑇀𑆫𑆳𑆟 (Sharada script)
- 𑖢𑖿𑖨𑖯𑖜 (Siddham script)
- ප්රාණ (Sinhalese script)
- ప్రాణ (Telugu script)
- ปฺราณ (Thai script)
- པྲཱ་ཎ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒰𑒝 (Tirhuta script)
Etymology
From प्र- (pra-) + अन् (an), the latter from Proto-Indo-European *h₂enh₁- (“to breathe”).
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /pɾɑː.ɳɐ́/
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈpɾɑː.ɳɐ/
Noun
प्राण • (prāṇá) m
- breath, respiration, the breath of life, vitality, life, vital air (usually plural in this sense)
- c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda
- the first of the five life-winds or vital airs, which has its seat in the lungs (the other four being अपान (apāna), समान (samāna), व्यान (vyāna) and उदान (udāna))
- wind, inhaled air
- energy, vigor, strength, power (as in प्राणसार (prāṇasāra))
- the spirit or soul (as opposed to शरीर (śarīra))
- the Supreme Spirit (see आत्मन् (ātman))
Declension
| Masculine a-stem declension of प्राण (prāṇá) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | प्राणः prāṇáḥ | प्राणौ prāṇaú | प्राणाः / प्राणासः¹ prāṇā́ḥ / prāṇā́saḥ¹ |
| Vocative | प्राण prā́ṇa | प्राणौ prā́ṇau | प्राणाः / प्राणासः¹ prā́ṇāḥ / prā́ṇāsaḥ¹ |
| Accusative | प्राणम् prāṇám | प्राणौ prāṇaú | प्राणान् prāṇā́n |
| Instrumental | प्राणेन prāṇéna | प्राणाभ्याम् prāṇā́bhyām | प्राणैः / प्राणेभिः¹ prāṇaíḥ / prāṇébhiḥ¹ |
| Dative | प्राणाय prāṇā́ya | प्राणाभ्याम् prāṇā́bhyām | प्राणेभ्यः prāṇébhyaḥ |
| Ablative | प्राणात् prāṇā́t | प्राणाभ्याम् prāṇā́bhyām | प्राणेभ्यः prāṇébhyaḥ |
| Genitive | प्राणस्य prāṇásya | प्राणयोः prāṇáyoḥ | प्राणानाम् prāṇā́nām |
| Locative | प्राणे prāṇé | प्राणयोः prāṇáyoḥ | प्राणेषु prāṇéṣu |
| Notes |
| ||
Descendants
- → Burmese: ပြန် (pran)
- → Kannada: ಪ್ರಾಣ (prāṇa)
- → English: prana
- → Hindi: प्राण (prāṇ)
- → Oriya: ପ୍ରାଣ (praṇô)
- → Bengali: প্রাণ (praṇ)
- Pali: pāṇa
- → Telugu: ప్రాణము (prāṇamu)
- → Khmer: ប្រាណ (praan)
- → Thai: ปราณ (bpraan)