नक्र
Hindi
Etymology
Learned borrowing from Classical Sanskrit नक्र (nakra).
Pronunciation
- (Delhi Hindi) IPA(key): /nək.ɾᵊ/, [n̪ək.ɾᵊ]
Noun
नक्र • (nakra) m (rare)
- crocodile; alligator
- Synonyms: जलकंटक (jalkaṇṭak), मगर (magar), घड़ियाल (ghaṛiyāl), मकर (makar)
- (anatomy) nose
- Synonyms: नासा (nāsā), नासिका (nāsikā), नाक (nāk)
- upper timber of a door frame
- Synonyms: पटाव (paṭāv), भरेठा (bhareṭhā)
Declension
Declension of नक्र (masc cons-stem)
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| direct | नक्र nakra | नक्र nakra |
| oblique | नक्र nakra | नक्रों nakrõ |
| vocative | नक्र nakra | नक्रो nakro |
Further reading
- Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975), “नक्र”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. Sea of Hindi words] (in Hindi), Kashi [Varanasi]: Nagari Pracarini Sabha
- Platts, John T. (1884), “नक्र”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
- McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993), “नक्र”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
Sanskrit
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- ᬦᬓ᭄ᬭ (Balinese script)
- নক্ৰ (Assamese script)
- নক্র (Bengali script)
- 𑰡𑰎𑰿𑰨 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀦𑀓𑁆𑀭 (Brahmi script)
- 𑌨𑌕𑍍𑌰 (Grantha script)
- નક્ર (Gujarati script)
- ਨਕੑਰ (Gurmukhi script)
- ꦤꦏꦿ (Javanese script)
- នក្រ (Khmer script)
- ನಕ್ರ (Kannada script)
- ນກ຺ຣ (Lao script)
- നക്ര (Malayalam script)
- 𑘡𑘎𑘿𑘨 (Modi script)
- ᠨᠠᢉᠷᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- ᠨᠠᡬᡵᠠ (Manchu script)
- နကြ (Burmese script)
- 𑧁𑦮𑧠𑧈 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐣𑐎𑑂𑐬 (Newa script)
- ନକ୍ର (Oriya script)
- ꢥꢒ꣄ꢬ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆤𑆑𑇀𑆫 (Sharada script)
- 𑖡𑖎𑖿𑖨 (Siddham script)
- නක්ර (Sinhalese script)
- నక్ర (Telugu script)
- นกฺร (Thai script)
- ན་ཀྲ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒢𑒏𑓂𑒩 (Tirhuta script)
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈn̪ɐk.ɾɐ/
Etymology 1
Of Dravidian origin.
Proper noun
नक्र • (nakra) m
- (astrology) the zodiac sign Scorpio
- Synonyms: see Thesaurus:वृश्चिकराशि
Noun
नक्र • (nakra) m or n (Classical Sanskrit)
- m crocodile; alligator
- c. 700 CE – 900 CE, Bhāgavata Purāṇa 2.7.16:
- श्रुत्वा हरिस्तमरणार्थिनमप्रमेयश्चक्रायुधः पतगराजभुजाधिरूढः। चक्रेण नक्रवदनं विनिपाट्य तस्माद्धस्ते प्रगृह्य भगवान् कृपयोज्जहार॥
- śrutvā haristamaraṇārthinamaprameyaścakrāyudhaḥ patagarājabhujādhirūḍhaḥ. cakreṇa nakravadanaṃ vinipāṭya tasmāddhaste pragṛhya bhagavān kṛpayojjahāra.
- Hari [Kṛṣna], after hearing the elephant’s plea, felt that the elephant needed his immediate help, for he was in great distress. Thus at once the Lord appeared there on the wings of the king of birds, Garuḍa, fully equipped with his weapon, the cakra. With the wheel he cut to pieces the mouth of the crocodile to save the elephant, and he delivered the elephant by lifting him by his trunk.
- श्रुत्वा हरिस्तमरणार्थिनमप्रमेयश्चक्रायुधः पतगराजभुजाधिरूढः। चक्रेण नक्रवदनं विनिपाट्य तस्माद्धस्ते प्रगृह्य भगवान् कृपयोज्जहार॥
- c. 700 CE – 900 CE, Bhāgavata Purāṇa 8.7.13:
- उपर्यधश्चात्मनि गोत्रनेत्रयोः परेण ते प्राविशता समेधिताः। ममन्थुरब्धिं तरसा मदोत्कटा महाद्रिणा क्षोभितनक्रचक्रम्॥
- uparyadhaścātmani gotranetrayoḥ pareṇa te prāviśatā samedhitāḥ. mamanthurabdhiṃ tarasā madotkaṭā mahādriṇā kṣobhitanakracakram.
- The demigods and demons worked almost madly for the nectar, encouraged by the Lord, who was above and below the mountain and who had entered the demigods, the demons, Vāsuki and the mountain itself. Because of the strength of the demigods and demons, the ocean of milk was so powerfully agitated that all the alligators in the water were very much perturbed. Nonetheless the churning of the ocean continued in this way.
- उपर्यधश्चात्मनि गोत्रनेत्रयोः परेण ते प्राविशता समेधिताः। ममन्थुरब्धिं तरसा मदोत्कटा महाद्रिणा क्षोभितनक्रचक्रम्॥
- c. 700 CE – 900 CE, Bhāgavata Purāṇa 2.7.24:
- यस्मा अदादुदधिरूढभयाङ्गवेपो मार्गं सपद्यरिपुरं हरवद् दिधक्षोः। दूरे सुहृन्मथितरोषसुशोणदृष्टया तातप्यमानमकरोरगनक्रचक्रः॥
- yasmā adādudadhirūḍhabhayāṅgavepo mārgaṃ sapadyaripuraṃ haravad didhakṣoḥ. dūre suhṛnmathitaroṣasuśoṇadaृṣṭayaा tātapyamānamakaroraganakracakraḥ.
- Rāmacandra, being aggrieved for his distant intimate friend [Sītā], glanced over the city of the enemy Rāvaṇa with red-hot eyes like those of Hara [who wanted to burn the kingdom of heaven]. The great ocean, trembling in fear, gave his his way because its family members, the aquatics like the sharks, snakes and crocodiles, were being burnt by the heat of the angry red-hot eyes of the Lord.
- यस्मा अदादुदधिरूढभयाङ्गवेपो मार्गं सपद्यरिपुरं हरवद् दिधक्षोः। दूरे सुहृन्मथितरोषसुशोणदृष्टया तातप्यमानमकरोरगनक्रचक्रः॥
- any sea monster
- c. 700 CE – 900 CE, Bhāgavata Purāṇa 12.9.12:
- ततो व्यदृश्यन्त चतुःसमुद्राः समन्ततः क्ष्मातलमाग्रसन्तः। समीरवेगोर्मिभिरुग्रनक्रमहाभयावर्तगभीरघोषाः॥
- tato vyadṛśyanta catuḥsamudrāḥ samantataḥ kṣmātalamāgrasantaḥ. samīravegormibhirugranakramahābhayāvartagabhīraghoṣāḥ.
- Then the four great oceans appeared on all sides, swallowing up the surface of the earth with their wind-tossed waves. In these oceans were terrible sea monsters, fearful whirlpools and ominous rumblings.
- ततो व्यदृश्यन्त चतुःसमुद्राः समन्ततः क्ष्मातलमाग्रसन्तः। समीरवेगोर्मिभिरुग्रनक्रमहाभयावर्तगभीरघोषाः॥
- n upper timber of a door frame
Declension
| Masculine a-stem declension of नक्र (nakra) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | नक्रः nakraḥ | नक्रौ nakrau | नक्राः / नक्रासः¹ nakrāḥ / nakrāsaḥ¹ |
| Vocative | नक्र nakra | नक्रौ nakrau | नक्राः / नक्रासः¹ nakrāḥ / nakrāsaḥ¹ |
| Accusative | नक्रम् nakram | नक्रौ nakrau | नक्रान् nakrān |
| Instrumental | नक्रेण nakreṇa | नक्राभ्याम् nakrābhyām | नक्रैः / नक्रेभिः¹ nakraiḥ / nakrebhiḥ¹ |
| Dative | नक्राय nakrāya | नक्राभ्याम् nakrābhyām | नक्रेभ्यः nakrebhyaḥ |
| Ablative | नक्रात् nakrāt | नक्राभ्याम् nakrābhyām | नक्रेभ्यः nakrebhyaḥ |
| Genitive | नक्रस्य nakrasya | नक्रयोः nakrayoḥ | नक्राणाम् nakrāṇām |
| Locative | नक्रे nakre | नक्रयोः nakrayoḥ | नक्रेषु nakreṣu |
| Notes |
| ||
| Neuter a-stem declension of नक्र (nakra) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | नक्रम् nakram | नक्रे nakre | नक्राणि / नक्रा¹ nakrāṇi / nakrā¹ |
| Vocative | नक्र nakra | नक्रे nakre | नक्राणि / नक्रा¹ nakrāṇi / nakrā¹ |
| Accusative | नक्रम् nakram | नक्रे nakre | नक्राणि / नक्रा¹ nakrāṇi / nakrā¹ |
| Instrumental | नक्रेण nakreṇa | नक्राभ्याम् nakrābhyām | नक्रैः / नक्रेभिः¹ nakraiḥ / nakrebhiḥ¹ |
| Dative | नक्राय nakrāya | नक्राभ्याम् nakrābhyām | नक्रेभ्यः nakrebhyaḥ |
| Ablative | नक्रात् nakrāt | नक्राभ्याम् nakrābhyām | नक्रेभ्यः nakrebhyaḥ |
| Genitive | नक्रस्य nakrasya | नक्रयोः nakrayoḥ | नक्राणाम् nakrāṇām |
| Locative | नक्रे nakre | नक्रयोः nakrayoḥ | नक्रेषु nakreṣu |
| Notes |
| ||
Alternative forms
- नाक्र (nā́kra)
Descendants
- Pali: nakka
- Prakrit: णक्क (ṇakka) (see there for further descendants)
Etymology 2
Sanskritization of Prakrit णक्क (ṇakka) or Ashokan Prakrit *𑀦𑀓𑁆𑀓 (*nakka), itself ultimately from Sanskrit नस् (nás) + -क (-ka).
Noun
नक्र • (nakra) n (Classical Sanskrit)
- (anatomy) a nose
- Synonyms: see Thesaurus:नासिका
Declension
| Neuter a-stem declension of नक्र (nakra) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | नक्रम् nakram | नक्रे nakre | नक्राणि / नक्रा¹ nakrāṇi / nakrā¹ |
| Vocative | नक्र nakra | नक्रे nakre | नक्राणि / नक्रा¹ nakrāṇi / nakrā¹ |
| Accusative | नक्रम् nakram | नक्रे nakre | नक्राणि / नक्रा¹ nakrāṇi / nakrā¹ |
| Instrumental | नक्रेण nakreṇa | नक्राभ्याम् nakrābhyām | नक्रैः / नक्रेभिः¹ nakraiḥ / nakrebhiḥ¹ |
| Dative | नक्राय nakrāya | नक्राभ्याम् nakrābhyām | नक्रेभ्यः nakrebhyaḥ |
| Ablative | नक्रात् nakrāt | नक्राभ्याम् nakrābhyām | नक्रेभ्यः nakrebhyaḥ |
| Genitive | नक्रस्य nakrasya | नक्रयोः nakrayoḥ | नक्राणाम् nakrāṇām |
| Locative | नक्रे nakre | नक्रयोः nakrayoḥ | नक्रेषु nakreṣu |
| Notes |
| ||
Alternative forms
- नक्रा (nakrā)
Further reading
- Monier Williams (1899), “नक्र”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, OCLC 458052227, page 524.
- Hellwig, Oliver (2010-2023), “nakra”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.
- Apte, Vaman Shivram (1890), “नक्र”, in The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary, Poona: Prasad Prakashan
- Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893), “नक्र”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press
- Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “nakra”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press