तमस्

तमस्

See also: तामस

Sanskrit

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *támas, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *támas, from Proto-Indo-European *témH-os, from *temH- (“dark”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬙𐬆𐬨𐬀𐬵‎ (təmah), Persian تم‎ (tam, “cataract”), Latin temere (“blindly”).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /t̪ɐ́.mɐs̪/
• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈt̪ɐ.mɐs̪/

Noun

तमस् • (támas) n

1. darkness, gloom (also in plural)

   तमः प्रणीत (támaḥ práṇīta) — "led into darkness", deprived of the eye's light or sight

2. the darkness of hell, hell or a particular division of hell
3. the obscuration of the sun or moon in eclipses, attributed to Rahu
4. mental darkness, ignorance, illusion, error
5. tamas, one of the three qualities or constituents of everything in creation (the cause of heaviness, ignorance, illusion, lust, anger, pride, sorrow, dullness, and stolidity)
6. sin
7. sorrow

Declension

Neuter as-stem declension of तमस् (támas)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	तमः támaḥ	तमसी támasī	तमांसि támāṃsi
Vocative	तमः támaḥ	तमसी támasī	तमांसि támāṃsi
Accusative	तमः támaḥ	तमसी támasī	तमांसि támāṃsi
Instrumental	तमसा támasā	तमोभ्याम् támobhyām	तमोभिः támobhiḥ
Dative	तमसे támase	तमोभ्याम् támobhyām	तमोभ्यः támobhyaḥ
Ablative	तमसः támasaḥ	तमोभ्याम् támobhyām	तमोभ्यः támobhyaḥ
Genitive	तमसः támasaḥ	तमसोः támasoḥ	तमसाम् támasām
Locative	तमसि támasi	तमसोः támasoḥ	तमःसु támaḥsu

Borrowed terms

• English: tamas