ज्ञान
Hindi
Etymology
Borrowed from Sanskrit ज्ञान (jñāna), from the root verb ज्ञा (jñā, “to know, be aware of”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵneh₃- (“to know”). Doublet of जान (jān).
Pronunciation
- (Delhi Hindi) IPA(key): /ɡjɑːn/, [ɡjä̃ːn̪]
Noun
ज्ञान • (gyān) m (Urdu spelling گیان)
- knowledge
- मुझे इसका कुछ भी ज्ञान नहीं है।
- mujhe iskā kuch bhī gyān nahī̃ hai.
- I have no knowledge of it at all.
- हमारा शिक्षक व्यापक ज्ञान की खान है।
- hamārā śikṣak vyāpak gyān kī khān hai.
- Our professor is a vast storehouse of general knowledge.
- गुरूजी, और ज्ञान बाटो! ― gurūjī, aur gyān bāṭo! ― Oh Guru, please enlighten us with knowledge! (sarcastic)
Declension
Declension of ज्ञान (masc cons-stem)
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| direct | ज्ञान gyān | ज्ञान gyān |
| oblique | ज्ञान gyān | ज्ञानों gyānõ |
| vocative | ज्ञान gyān | ज्ञानो gyāno |
Synonyms
- जानकारी (jānkārī)
References
- Bahri, Hardev (1989), “ज्ञान”, in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa [Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary], Delhi: Rajpal & Sons.
Nepali
Etymology
Borrowed from Sanskrit ज्ञान (jñāna).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ɡjän]
- Phonetic Devanagari: ग्यान्
Noun
ज्ञान • (gyān)
- knowledge, wisdom
- understanding
- intelligence
References
- “ज्ञान”, in नेपाली बृहत् शब्दकोश (Nepālī Br̥hat Śabdakoś) [Comprehensive Nepali Dictionary], Kathmandu: Nepal Academy, 2018
- Schmidt, Ruth L. (1993), “ज्ञान”, in A Practical Dictionary of Modern Nepali, Ratna Sagar
Sanskrit
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- ᬚ᭄ᬜᬵᬦ (Balinese script)
- জ্ঞান (Assamese script)
- জ্ঞান (Bengali script)
- 𑰕𑰿𑰗𑰯𑰡 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀚𑁆𑀜𑀸𑀦 (Brahmi script)
- 𑌜𑍍𑌞𑌾𑌨 (Grantha script)
- જ્ઞાન (Gujarati script)
- ਜੑਞਾਨ (Gurmukhi script)
- ꦘꦴꦤ (Javanese script)
- ជ្ញាន (Khmer script)
- ಜ್ಞಾನ (Kannada script)
- ຊ຺ຎານ (Lao script)
- ജ്ഞാന (Malayalam script)
- 𑘕𑘿𑘗𑘰𑘡 (Modi script)
- ᠽᡛᠠᢗᠨᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- ᡯᠨᡳᠶᠠ᠊ᠠᠨᠠ (Manchu script)
- ဇ္ဉာန (Burmese script)
- 𑦵𑧠𑦷𑧑𑧁 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐖𑑂𑐘𑐵𑐣 (Newa script)
- ଜ୍ଞାନ (Oriya script)
- ꢙ꣄ꢛꢵꢥ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆘𑇀𑆚𑆳𑆤 (Sharada script)
- 𑖕𑖿𑖗𑖯𑖡 (Siddham script)
- ජ්ඤාන (Sinhalese script)
- జ్ఞాన (Telugu script)
- ชฺญาน (Thai script)
- ཛྙཱ་ན (Tibetan script)
- 𑒖𑓂𑒘𑒰𑒢 (Tirhuta script)
Etymology
From the root ज्ञा (jñā, “to know, be aware of”) + -अन (-ana).
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /d͡ʑɲɑ́ː.nɐ/
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈd͡ʑɲɑː.n̪ɐ/
Noun
ज्ञान • (jñāna) n
- knowing, becoming acquainted with, knowledge, (esp.) the higher knowledge (in Buddhism, pure awareness free from conceptual constructs; in Hinduism, true knowledge of the Self's identity with the Ultimate Reality)
- "knowledge about anything cognizance" (compare ज्ञानतस् (jñānatas) and अज्ञान (ajñāna))
- ज्ञानाद् अज्ञानाद् वा ― jñānād ajñānād vā ― knowingly or ignorantly
- conscience
- = ज्ञानेन्द्रिय (jñānendriya)
- engaging in (+ genitive, e.g. सर्पिषस् (sarpiṣas, “in sacrifice with clarified butter”))
- name of a shakti
Declension
| Neuter a-stem declension of ज्ञान (jñāna) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | ज्ञानम् jñānam | ज्ञाने jñāne | ज्ञानानि / ज्ञाना¹ jñānāni / jñānā¹ |
| Vocative | ज्ञान jñāna | ज्ञाने jñāne | ज्ञानानि / ज्ञाना¹ jñānāni / jñānā¹ |
| Accusative | ज्ञानम् jñānam | ज्ञाने jñāne | ज्ञानानि / ज्ञाना¹ jñānāni / jñānā¹ |
| Instrumental | ज्ञानेन jñānena | ज्ञानाभ्याम् jñānābhyām | ज्ञानैः / ज्ञानेभिः¹ jñānaiḥ / jñānebhiḥ¹ |
| Dative | ज्ञानाय jñānāya | ज्ञानाभ्याम् jñānābhyām | ज्ञानेभ्यः jñānebhyaḥ |
| Ablative | ज्ञानात् jñānāt | ज्ञानाभ्याम् jñānābhyām | ज्ञानेभ्यः jñānebhyaḥ |
| Genitive | ज्ञानस्य jñānasya | ज्ञानयोः jñānayoḥ | ज्ञानानाम् jñānānām |
| Locative | ज्ञाने jñāne | ज्ञानयोः jñānayoḥ | ज्ञानेषु jñāneṣu |
| Notes |
| ||
Descendants
- Assamese: জ্ঞান (gyan)
- Bengali: জ্ঞান (gẏan)
- → English: jnana (learned)
- → Gujarati: જ્ઞાન (jñān) (learned)
- → Hindustani:
- Hindi: ज्ञान (gyān)
- Urdu: گیان
- → Punjabi: ਗਿਆਨ (giāna)
- → Kannada: ಜ್ಞಾನ (jñāna)
- Maharastri Prakrit:
- Old Marathi: जाण (jāṇa)
- → Nepali: ज्ञान (gyān)
- → Old Tamil: 𑀜𑀸𑀷𑀫𑁆 (ñāṉam)
- Tamil: ஞானம் (ñāṉam)
- Pali: ñāṇa
- → Burmese: ဉာဏ် (nyan)
- → Khmer: ញាណ (ñiən)
- → Thai: ญาณ (yaan)
- Prakrit:
- Gujarati: જાણ (jāṇ)
- Hindi: जान (jān)
- Punjabi: ਜਾਣ (jāṇ)
- → Telugu: జ్ఞానము (jñānamu)
References
- Monier Williams (1899), “ज्ञान”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, OCLC 458052227, page 0426.