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单词 जाना
释义

जाना

Hindi

Etymology

Inherited from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀚𑀸𑀤𑀺 (jādi), from Sanskrit याति (yā́ti, go; come), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *yáHti, from Proto-Indo-European *yéh₂ti. Cognate with Nepali जानु (jānu), Sinhalese යනවා (yanawā).

Pronunciation

  • (Delhi Hindi) IPA(key): /d͡ʒɑː.nɑː/, [d͡ʒäː.n̪äː]

Verb

जाना (jānā) (Urdu spelling جانا)

  1. to go, leave, depart
    मुझेजाना होगा।
    mujhe jānā hogā.
    I will have to go.
    मैं ट्रेन से अमृतसरजाना चाहता हूँ।
    ma͠i ṭren se amŕtsar jānā cāhtā hū̃.
    I want to go to Amritsar by train.
  2. to go to, extend [+ (object) तक = until]
    यह नदी पुणे तकजाती है।
    yah nadī puṇe tak jātī hai.
    This river extends to Pune.
  3. (colloquial) to be lost
    लो, बैग तोगया
    lo, baig to gayā.
    Great, now the bag is lost.
    Synonym: ग़ायब होना (ġāyab honā)
  4. an auxiliary verb
    1. marks the passive voice
      चारों पुस्तकें पढ़ीगई
      cārõ pustakẽ paṛhī gaī.
      All four books were read
    2. marks the impersonal passive voice
      अभी उससे लिखा नहींजाता
      abhī usse likhā nahī̃ jātā.
      As of now she is not able to write.
    3. (with intransitive verbs) indicates motion away from
      निकल जानाnikal jānāto exit, leave
      भाग जानाbhāg jānāto run away
    4. (with dative subject verbs) indicates a definitive change
      नक़ली भूत देखकर नैना को डर आगया
      naqlī bhūt dekhkar nainā ko ḍar ā gayā.
      Having seen the fake ghost, Naina (nevertheless) became afraid.
    5. (with transitive verbs) indicates completion or haste
      मैं फ़िल्म देखकर सोगया
      ma͠i film dekhkar so gayā.
      I fell asleep having watched the movie.
      खा जानाkhā jānāto devour, eat up; to attack verbally
      आ जानाā jānāto arrive

Conjugation

References

  • Bahri, Hardev (1989), जाना”, in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa [Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary], Delhi: Rajpal & Sons.
  • Caturvedi, Mahendra; Bhola Nath Tiwari (1970), जाना”, in A practical Hindi-English dictionary, Delhi: National Publishing House
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