चक्षु

चक्षु

Hindi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit चक्षु (cakṣu).

Pronunciation

• (Delhi Hindi) IPA^(key): /t͡ʃək.ʂuː/, [t͡ʃək.ʃuː]

Noun

चक्षु • (cakṣu) m (Urdu spelling ݘکشو‎)

1. eye

   Synonyms: आँख (ā̃kh), नेत्र (netra)

Declension

Declension of चक्षु (masc u-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	चक्षु cakṣu	चक्षु cakṣu
oblique	चक्षु cakṣu	चक्षुओं cakṣuõ
vocative	चक्षु cakṣu	चक्षुओ cakṣuo

---

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• ᬘᬓ᭄ᬱᬸ (Balinese script)
• চক্ষু (Assamese script)
• চক্ষু (Bengali script)
• 𑰓𑰎𑰿𑰬𑰲 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀘𑀓𑁆𑀱𑀼 (Brahmi script)
• 𑌚𑌕𑍍𑌷𑍁 (Grantha script)
• ચક્ષુ (Gujarati script)
• ਚਕੑਸ਼ੁ (Gurmukhi script)
• ꦕꦏ꧀ꦰꦸ (Javanese script)
• ចក្ឞុ (Khmer script)
• ಚಕ್ಷು (Kannada script)
• ຈກ຺ຩຸ (Lao script)
• ചക്ഷു (Malayalam script)
• 𑘓𑘎𑘿𑘬𑘳 (Modi script)
• ᢋᠠᢉᢔᠤ (Mongolian script)
• ᢜᠠᡬᢢᡠ (Manchu script)
• စက္ၑု (Burmese script)
• 𑦳𑦮𑧠𑧌𑧔 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐔𑐎𑑂𑐲𑐸 (Newa script)
• ଚକ୍ଷୁ (Oriya script)
• ꢗꢒ꣄ꢰꢸ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆖𑆑𑇀𑆰𑆶 (Sharada script)
• 𑖓𑖎𑖿𑖬𑖲 (Siddham script)
• චක්ෂු (Sinhalese script)
• చక్షు (Telugu script)
• จกฺษุ (Thai script)
• ཙ་ཀྵུ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒔𑒏𑓂𑒭𑒳 (Tirhuta script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *čákšuš (“eye”), from Proto-Indo-European *kʷé-kʷḱ-u-s, from *kʷeḱ- (“to see, look”). Cognate with Persian چشم‎ (čašm, “eye”).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /t͡ɕɐ́k.ʂu/
• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈt͡ɕɐk.ʂu/

Noun

चक्षु • (cákṣu) m

1. the eye
   • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 10.90.13:

     चन्द्रमा मनसो जातश्चक्षोः सूर्यो अजायत ।
     मुखादिन्द्रश्चाग्निश्च प्राणाद्वायुरजायत ॥

     candramā manaso jātaścakṣoḥ sūryo ajāyata .
     mukhādindraścāgniśca prāṇādvāyurajāyata .

     The Moon was gendered from his mind, and from his eye the Sun was born;
     Indra and Agni from his mouth were born, and Vāyu from his breath.

2. name of a prince
3. the Oxus river. (for वक्षु (vakṣú))

Declension

Masculine u-stem declension of चक्षु (cákṣu)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	चक्षुः cákṣuḥ	चक्षू cákṣū	चक्षवः cákṣavaḥ
Vocative	चक्षो cákṣo	चक्षू cákṣū	चक्षवः cákṣavaḥ
Accusative	चक्षुम् cákṣum	चक्षू cákṣū	चक्षून् cákṣūn
Instrumental	चक्षुणा / चक्ष्वा¹ cákṣuṇā / cákṣvā¹	चक्षुभ्याम् cákṣubhyām	चक्षुभिः cákṣubhiḥ
Dative	चक्षवे / चक्ष्वे² cákṣave / cákṣve²	चक्षुभ्याम् cákṣubhyām	चक्षुभ्यः cákṣubhyaḥ
Ablative	चक्षोः / चक्ष्वः² cákṣoḥ / cákṣvaḥ²	चक्षुभ्याम् cákṣubhyām	चक्षुभ्यः cákṣubhyaḥ
Genitive	चक्षोः / चक्ष्वः² cákṣoḥ / cákṣvaḥ²	चक्ष्वोः cákṣvoḥ	चक्षूणाम् cákṣūṇām
Locative	चक्षौ cákṣau	चक्ष्वोः cákṣvoḥ	चक्षुषु cákṣuṣu
Notes	¹Vedic ²Less common

Related terms

• चक्षुस् (cakṣus)

Descendants

• Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀘𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀼 (cakkhu)
  • Kamarupi Prakrit:
    • Early Assamese: চখু (cokhu)
      • Assamese: চকু (soku)
    • Kamta: চখু (sokhu)
  • Bengali: চোখ (cokhô)
  • Rohingya: suk / 𐴏𐴟𐴑‎ (suk)
  • Sylheti: ꠌꠃꠇ (souk)
• Pali: cakkhu
• Sauraseni Prakrit:
  • Braj: चाख (cākh), चाष (cāṣ)
  • Gujarati: ચાખ (cākh)
• → Telugu: చక్షువు (cakṣuvu)
• → Thai: จักษุ (jàk-sù)

References

• Monier Williams (1899), “चक्षु”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, OCLC 458052227, page 382/1.