ग्रीवा
See also: गौरव and गर्व
Sanskrit
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-Aryan *griHwáH, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *griHwáH, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷriHwéh₂. Cognate with Avestan 𐬔𐬭𐬍𐬎𐬎𐬁 (grīuuā), Latvian grĩva (“river mouth”), Proto-Slavic *griva (“mane”).
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /ɡɽiː.ʋɑ́ː/
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈɡɽiː.ʋɑː/
Noun
ग्रीवा • (grīvā́) f
- the back part of the neck, nape, neck (in the earlier literature generally used in plural)
- c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 6.48.17:
- मा काकम्बीरमुद वर्हो वनस्पतिमशस्तीर्वि हि नीनशः। मोत सूरो अह एवा चन ग्रीवा आदधते वेः।
- mā kākambīramuda varho vanaspatimaśastīrvi hi nīnaśaḥ. mota sūro aha evā cana grīvā ādadhate veḥ.
- Tear not up by the roots the Kakambira tree: destroy thou all malignity. Let them not snare by day the neck of that Celestial Bird the Sun.
- मा काकम्बीरमुद वर्हो वनस्पतिमशस्तीर्वि हि नीनशः। मोत सूरो अह एवा चन ग्रीवा आदधते वेः।
Declension
| Feminine ā-stem declension of ग्रीवा (grīvā́) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | ग्रीवा grīvā́ | ग्रीवे grīvé | ग्रीवाः grīvā́ḥ |
| Vocative | ग्रीवे grī́ve | ग्रीवे grī́ve | ग्रीवाः grī́vāḥ |
| Accusative | ग्रीवाम् grīvā́m | ग्रीवे grīvé | ग्रीवाः grīvā́ḥ |
| Instrumental | ग्रीवया / ग्रीवा¹ grīváyā / grīvā́¹ | ग्रीवाभ्याम् grīvā́bhyām | ग्रीवाभिः grīvā́bhiḥ |
| Dative | ग्रीवायै grīvā́yai | ग्रीवाभ्याम् grīvā́bhyām | ग्रीवाभ्यः grīvā́bhyaḥ |
| Ablative | ग्रीवायाः grīvā́yāḥ | ग्रीवाभ्याम् grīvā́bhyām | ग्रीवाभ्यः grīvā́bhyaḥ |
| Genitive | ग्रीवायाः grīvā́yāḥ | ग्रीवयोः grīváyoḥ | ग्रीवाणाम् grīvā́ṇām |
| Locative | ग्रीवायाम् grīvā́yām | ग्रीवयोः grīváyoḥ | ग्रीवासु grīvā́su |
| Notes |
| ||
References
- Monier Williams (1899), “ग्रीवा”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, OCLC 458052227, page 0374.