गो
Hindi
Pronunciation
- (Delhi Hindi) IPA(key): /ɡoː/
Etymology 1
Learned borrowing from Sanskrit गो (gó). Doublet of गाय (gāy).
Noun
गो • (go) m
- cow; ox
Declension
Declension of गो (masc o-stem)
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| direct | गो go | गो go |
| oblique | गो go | गों gõ |
| vocative | गो go | गो go |
Synonyms
- गाय (gāy)
Etymology 2
Borrowed from English go, from the Japanese character 碁 (go), shorthand for Japanese 囲碁 (igo), adopted from the Chinese character 圍棋／围棋.
Proper noun
गो • (go) m
- (board games) Go
Declension
Declension of गो (sg-only masc o-stem)
| singular | |
|---|---|
| direct | गो go |
| oblique | गो go |
| vocative | गो go |
Pali
Alternative forms
Alternative forms
- go (Latin script)
- 𑀕𑁄 (Brahmi script)
- গো (Bengali script)
- ගො (Sinhalese script)
- ဂေါ or ၷေႃ (Burmese script)
- โค (Thai script)
- ᨣᩮᩤ (Tai Tham script)
- ໂຄ (Lao script)
- គោ (Khmer script)
- 𑄉𑄮 (Chakma script)
Noun
गो m or f
- Devanagari script form of go (“cow, ox, bull”)
Declension
Declension table of "गो" (masculine)
| Case \\ Number | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative (first) | गो (go) | गवो (gavo) or गावो (gāvo) |
| Accusative (second) | गवं (gavaṃ) or गावुं (gāvuṃ) or गावं (gāvaṃ) | गवो (gavo) or गावो (gāvo) |
| Instrumental (third) | गवेन (gavena) or गावेन (gāvena) | गोहि (gohi) or गोभि (gobhi) |
| Dative (fourth) | गवस्स (gavassa) or गावस्स (gāvassa) | गुन्नं (gunnaṃ) or गवं (gavaṃ) or गोनं (gonaṃ) |
| Ablative (fifth) | गवस्मा (gavasmā) or गवम्हा (gavamhā) or गवा (gavā) or गावा (gāvā) or गावस्मा (gāvasmā) or गावम्हा (gāvamhā) | गोहि (gohi) or गोभि (gobhi) |
| Genitive (sixth) | गवस्स (gavassa) or गावस्स (gāvassa) | गुन्नं (gunnaṃ) or गवं (gavaṃ) or गोनं (gonaṃ) |
| Locative (seventh) | गवस्मिं (gavasmiṃ) or गवम्हि (gavamhi) or गवे (gave) or गावे (gāve) or गावस्मिं (gāvasmiṃ) or गावम्हि (gāvamhi) | गवेसु (gavesu) or गावेसु (gāvesu) or गोसु (gosu) |
| Vocative (calling) | गो (go) | गवो (gavo) or गावो (gāvo) |
Sanskrit
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- ᬕᭀ (Balinese script)
- গো (Assamese script)
- গো (Bengali script)
- 𑰐𑰺 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀕𑁄 (Brahmi script)
- 𑌗𑍋 (Grantha script)
- ગો (Gujarati script)
- ਗੋ (Gurmukhi script)
- ꦒꦺꦴ (Javanese script)
- គោ (Khmer script)
- ಗೋ (Kannada script)
- ໂຄ (Lao script)
- ഗോ (Malayalam script)
- 𑘐𑘻 (Modi script)
- ᠺᠣᠸᠠ (Mongolian script)
- ᡤᠣ (Manchu script)
- ဂေါ (Burmese script)
- 𑦰𑧜 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐐𑑀 (Newa script)
- ଗୋ (Oriya script)
- ꢔꣂ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆓𑆾 (Sharada script)
- 𑖐𑖺 (Siddham script)
- ගෝ (Sinhalese script)
- గో (Telugu script)
- โค (Thai script)
- གོ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒑𑒼 (Tirhuta script)
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-Aryan *gā́wṣ, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *gā́wš, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷṓws. Cognate with Avestan 𐬔𐬀𐬊 (gao), Ancient Greek βοῦς (boûs), Latin bōs, Old English cū (whence English cow).
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /ɡɐ́w/
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ɡoː/
Noun
गो • (gó) f or m
- a cow
- c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 6.28.1:
- आ गावो अग्मन्नुत भद्रमक्रन्त्सीदन्तु गोष्ठे रणयन्त्वस्मे ।
प्रजावतीः पुरुरूपा इह स्युरिन्द्राय पूर्वीरुषसो दुहानाः ॥- ā gāvo agmannuta bhadramakrantsīdantu goṣṭhe raṇayantvasme .
prajāvatīḥ pururūpā iha syurindrāya pūrvīruṣaso duhānāḥ . - The cows have come and brought good fortune: let them rest in the cow-pen and be happy near us.
Here let them stay prolific, many-coloured, and yield their milk for Indra through many mornings.
- ā gāvo agmannuta bhadramakrantsīdantu goṣṭhe raṇayantvasme .
- आ गावो अग्मन्नुत भद्रमक्रन्त्सीदन्तु गोष्ठे रणयन्त्वस्मे ।
- an ox
- (in the plural) cattle, kine, herd of cattle
- (usually in the plural) anything coming from or belonging to an ox or cow, milk, flesh, skin, hide, leather, strap of leather, bow-string, sinew
- (poetic, in the plural) "the herds of the sky", the stars
- the sign Taurus
Declension
Masculine and feminine irregular declension of गो
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | गौः (gaúḥ) | गावा (gā́va) (Vedic),गावौ (gā́vau) | गावः (gā́vaḥ) |
| Vocative | गौः (gauḥ) | गावौ (gāvau) | गावः (gāvaḥ) |
| Accusative | गाम् (gā́m) | गावौ (gāvau) | गाः (gā́ḥ), गावः (gā́vaḥ) (rare) |
| Instrumental | गवा (gávā) | गोभ्याम् (gobhyām) | गोभिः (góbhiḥ) |
| Dative | गवे (gáve) | गोभ्याम् (gobhyām) | गोभ्यः (góbhyaḥ) |
| Ablative | गोः (góḥ) | गोभ्याम् (gobhyām) | गोभ्यः (góbhyaḥ) |
| Genitive | गोः (góḥ) | गवोः (gavoḥ) | गवाम् (gávām), गोनाम् (gónām) |
| Locative | गवि (gávi) | गवोः (gavoḥ) | गोषु (góṣu) |
Derived terms
- गोकुल (gokula)
- गोक्षीर (gokṣīra)
- गोचर (gocara)
- गोत्र (gotra)
- गोदान (godāna)
- गोदावरी (godāvarī)
- गोपाल (gopāla)
- गोलोक (goloka)
- गोविन्द (govinda)
- गोस्वामिन् (gosvāmin)
- गोरूप (gorūpa)
Descendants
- Dardic:
- Kashmiri: گاو (gāv)
- Marathi: गाय (gāy)
- Nepali: गाई (gāī)
- Paisaci Prakrit:
- Punjabi:
- Punjabi: ਗਾਂ (gā̃), Punjabi: ਗਾਈਂ (gāī̃)
- Shahmukhi: گاں (gāṉ), Shahmukhi: گائں (gā'iṉ)
- Punjabi:
- Pali: go, gāva
- → Khmer: គោ (koo)
- → Thai: โค (koo)
- Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀕𑀸𑀈 (gāī)
- Gujarati:
- Gujarati: ગાય (gāya)
- Lisan ud-Dawat Gujarati: گایہ (gāya)
- Hindi: गाय (gāy), गो (go)
- Urdu: گائے (gāe)
- Gujarati:
- → Hindi: गौ (gau)
- → Telugu: గోవు (gōvu)
References
- Monier Williams (1899), “गो”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, OCLC 458052227, page 363, column 3.