गाथा
See also: गाथ and गूथ
Pali
Alternative forms
Alternative forms
- gāthā (Latin script)
- 𑀕𑀸𑀣𑀸 (Brahmi script)
- গাথা (Bengali script)
- ගාථා (Sinhalese script)
- ဂါထာ or ၷႃထႃ (Burmese script)
- คาถา (Thai script)
- ᨣᩤᨳᩣ (Tai Tham script)
- ຄາຖາ (Lao script)
- គាថា (Khmer script)
Noun
गाथा f
- Devanagari script form of gāthā
Declension
Declension table of "गाथा" (feminine)
| Case \\ Number | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative (first) | गाथा (gāthā) | गाथायो (gāthāyo) or गाथा (gāthā) |
| Accusative (second) | गाथं (gāthaṃ) | गाथायो (gāthāyo) or गाथा (gāthā) |
| Instrumental (third) | गाथाय (gāthāya) | गाथाहि (gāthāhi) or गाथाभि (gāthābhi) |
| Dative (fourth) | गाथाय (gāthāya) | गाथानं (gāthānaṃ) |
| Ablative (fifth) | गाथाय (gāthāya) | गाथाहि (gāthāhi) or गाथाभि (gāthābhi) |
| Genitive (sixth) | गाथाय (gāthāya) | गाथानं (gāthānaṃ) |
| Locative (seventh) | गाथाय (gāthāya) or गाथायं (gāthāyaṃ) | गाथासु (gāthāsu) |
| Vocative (calling) | गाथे (gāthe) | गाथायो (gāthāyo) or गाथा (gāthā) |
Sanskrit
Alternative forms
- गाथ (gāthá)
Alternative scripts
- ᬕᬵᬣᬵ (Balinese script)
- গাথা (Assamese script)
- গাথা (Bengali script)
- 𑰐𑰯𑰞𑰯 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀕𑀸𑀣𑀸 (Brahmi script)
- 𑌗𑌾𑌥𑌾 (Grantha script)
- ગાથા (Gujarati script)
- ਗਾਥਾ (Gurmukhi script)
- ꦒꦴꦡꦴ (Javanese script)
- គាថា (Khmer script)
- ಗಾಥಾ (Kannada script)
- ຄາຖາ (Lao script)
- ഗാഥാ (Malayalam script)
- 𑘐𑘰𑘞𑘰 (Modi script)
- ᠺᠠᢗᠲᠠ᠋ᠠ (Mongolian script)
- ᡤᠠ᠊ᠠᡨᠠᢇ (Manchu script)
- ဂါထာ (Burmese script)
- 𑦰𑧑𑦾𑧑 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐐𑐵𑐠𑐵 (Newa script)
- ଗାଥା (Oriya script)
- ꢔꢵꢢꢵ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆓𑆳𑆡𑆳 (Sharada script)
- 𑖐𑖯𑖞𑖯 (Siddham script)
- ගාථා (Sinhalese script)
- గాథా (Telugu script)
- คาถา (Thai script)
- གཱ་ཐཱ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒑𑒰𑒟𑒰 (Tirhuta script)
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-Aryan *gaHtʰáH, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *gaHtʰáH. Cognate with Avestan 𐬔𐬁𐬚𐬁 (gāθā, “form of strophe, metre, namely the collections of Zarathustra's songs”). The same PII root *gaH- gave the Sanskrit verb गायति (√gāi, “to sing”).
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /ɡɑː.tʰɑ́ː/
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈɡɑː.t̪ʰɑː/
Noun
गाथा • (gāthā́) f
- verse, stanza (especially one which is neither ऋच् (ṛc), nor सामन् (sāman), nor यजुस् (yajus), a verse not belonging to the Vedas, but to the epic poetry of legends or आख्यान (ākhyāna)s, such as the Śunaḥśepa-ākhyāna or the Suparṇādhyāya)
- the metrical part of a sūtra
- name of the āryā metre
- any metre not enumerated in the regular treatises on prosody (compare ऋग्गाथा (ṛg-gāthā), रिजुगाथ (riju-gātha), यज्ञगाथा (yajña-gāthā))
Declension
| Feminine ā-stem declension of गाथा (gāthā́) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | गाथा gāthā́ | गाथे gāthé | गाथाः gāthā́ḥ |
| Vocative | गाथे gā́the | गाथे gā́the | गाथाः gā́thāḥ |
| Accusative | गाथाम् gāthā́m | गाथे gāthé | गाथाः gāthā́ḥ |
| Instrumental | गाथया / गाथा¹ gātháyā / gāthā́¹ | गाथाभ्याम् gāthā́bhyām | गाथाभिः gāthā́bhiḥ |
| Dative | गाथायै gāthā́yai | गाथाभ्याम् gāthā́bhyām | गाथाभ्यः gāthā́bhyaḥ |
| Ablative | गाथायाः gāthā́yāḥ | गाथाभ्याम् gāthā́bhyām | गाथाभ्यः gāthā́bhyaḥ |
| Genitive | गाथायाः gāthā́yāḥ | गाथयोः gātháyoḥ | गाथानाम् gāthā́nām |
| Locative | गाथायाम् gāthā́yām | गाथयोः gātháyoḥ | गाथासु gāthā́su |
| Notes |
| ||
Related terms
- गाथ (gāthá)
- गाथिन् (gāthín)
Descendants
- Assamese: গাথা (gatha)
- Bengali: গাথা (gatha)
- → Malayalam: ഗാഥ (gātha)
- Pali: gāthā
References
- Monier Williams (1899), “गाथा”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, OCLC 458052227, page 0352.