गाथ
See also: गाथा and गूथ
Sanskrit
Alternative forms
- गाथा (gāthā́)
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-Aryan *gaHtʰás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *gaHtʰás. Cognate with Avestan 𐬔𐬁𐬚𐬁 (gāθā, “form of strophe, metre, namely the collections of Zarathustra's songs”). Same PII root *gaH- gave गायति (gā́yati, “to sing”).
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /ɡɑː.t̪ʰɐ́/
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈɡɑː.t̪ʰɐ/
Noun
गाथ • (gāthá) m
- song
- c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 1.167.6:
- आस्थापयन्त युवतिं युवानः शुभे निमिश्लां विदथेषु पज्राम् ।
अर्को यद्वो मरुतो हविष्मान्गायद्गाथं सुतसोमो दुवस्यन् ॥- āsthāpayanta yuvatiṃ yuvānaḥ śubhe nimiślāṃ vidatheṣu pajrām .
arko yadvo maruto haviṣmāngāyadgāthaṃ sutasomo duvasyan . - Upon their car the young men set the Maiden wedded to glory, mighty in assemblies,
When your song, Maruts, rose, and, with oblation, the Soma-pourer sang his hymn in worship.
- āsthāpayanta yuvatiṃ yuvānaḥ śubhe nimiślāṃ vidatheṣu pajrām .
- आस्थापयन्त युवतिं युवानः शुभे निमिश्लां विदथेषु पज्राम् ।
- c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 9.11.4:
- बभ्रवे नु स्वतवसेऽरुणाय दिविस्पृशे ।
सोमाय गाथमर्चत ॥- babhrave nu svatavase’ruṇāya divispṛśe .
somāya gāthamarcata . - Sing a praise-song to Soma brown of hue, of independent might.
The Red, who reaches up to heaven.
- babhrave nu svatavase’ruṇāya divispṛśe .
- बभ्रवे नु स्वतवसेऽरुणाय दिविस्पृशे ।
Declension
| Masculine a-stem declension of गाथ | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Nom. sg. | गाथः (gāthaḥ) | ||
| Gen. sg. | गाथस्य (gāthasya) | ||
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | गाथः (gāthaḥ) | गाथौ (gāthau) | गाथाः (gāthāḥ) |
| Vocative | गाथ (gātha) | गाथौ (gāthau) | गाथाः (gāthāḥ) |
| Accusative | गाथम् (gātham) | गाथौ (gāthau) | गाथान् (gāthān) |
| Instrumental | गाथेन (gāthena) | गाथाभ्याम् (gāthābhyām) | गाथैः (gāthaiḥ) |
| Dative | गाथाय (gāthāya) | गाथाभ्याम् (gāthābhyām) | गाथेभ्यः (gāthebhyaḥ) |
| Ablative | गाथात् (gāthāt) | गाथाभ्याम् (gāthābhyām) | गाथेभ्यः (gāthebhyaḥ) |
| Genitive | गाथस्य (gāthasya) | गाथयोः (gāthayoḥ) | गाथानाम् (gāthānām) |
| Locative | गाथे (gāthe) | गाथयोः (gāthayoḥ) | गाथेषु (gātheṣu) |
References
- Monier Williams (1899), “गाथ”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, OCLC 458052227, page 0352.