गर्भ
See also: ग्रभ्
Hindi
Etymology
Learned borrowing from Sanskrit गर्भ (garbha).
Pronunciation
- (Delhi Hindi) IPA(key): /ɡəɾbʱ/
Noun
गर्भ • (garbh) m (Urdu spelling گربھ)
- womb
Declension
Declension of गर्भ (masc cons-stem)
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
direct | गर्भ garbh | गर्भ garbh |
oblique | गर्भ garbh | गर्भों garbhõ |
vocative | गर्भ garbh | गर्भो garbho |
Derived terms
- गर्भावस्था (garbhāvasthā)
- गर्भवती (garbhavtī)
- गर्भिणी (garbhiṇī)
- गर्भनली (garbhanlī)
- गर्भपात (garbhapāt)
Related terms
- गर्भाशय (garbhāśay)
Sanskrit
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- ᬕᬃᬪ (Balinese script)
- গৰ্ভ (Assamese script)
- গর্ভ (Bengali script)
- 𑰐𑰨𑰿𑰥 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀕𑀭𑁆𑀪 (Brahmi script)
- 𑌗𑌰𑍍𑌭 (Grantha script)
- ગર્ભ (Gujarati script)
- ਗਰੑਭ (Gurmukhi script)
- ꦒꦂꦨ (Javanese script)
- គភ៌ (Khmer script)
- ಗರ್ಭ (Kannada script)
- ຄຣ຺ຠ (Lao script)
- ഗര്ഭ (Malayalam script)
- 𑘐𑘨𑘿𑘥 (Modi script)
- ᠺᠠᠷᠪᠾᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- ᡤᠠᡵᢨᠠ (Manchu script)
- ဂရ်္ဘ (Burmese script)
- 𑦰𑧈𑧠𑧅 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐐𑐬𑑂𑐨 (Newa script)
- ଗର୍ଭ (Oriya script)
- ꢔꢬ꣄ꢩ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆓𑆫𑇀𑆨 (Sharada script)
- 𑖐𑖨𑖿𑖥 (Siddham script)
- ගර්භ (Sinhalese script)
- గర్భ (Telugu script)
- ครฺภ (Thai script)
- ག་རྦྷ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒑𑒩𑓂𑒦 (Tirhuta script)
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-Iranian *gárbʰas, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷólbʰ-o-s, from *gʷelbʰ- (“womb”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬔𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬡𐬀 (garəβa), Ancient Greek δελφύς (delphús, “womb”).
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /ɡɐ́ɾ.bʱɐ/
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈɡɐɾ.bʱɐ/
Noun
गर्भ • (gárbha) m
- the womb
- c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 4.27.1:
- गर्भे नु सन्नन्वेषामवेदमहं देवानां जनिमानि विश्वा।
शतं मा पुर आयसीररक्षन्नध श्येनो जवसा निरदीयम्॥- gárbhe nú sánnánveṣāmavedamahám devā́nām jánimāni víśvā. śatám mā púra ā́yasīrarakṣannádha śyenó javásā níradīyam.
- As I lay within the womb, I considered all generations of these Gods in order.
A hundred iron fortresses confined me but forth I flew with rapid speed as a Falcon.
- गर्भे नु सन्नन्वेषामवेदमहं देवानां जनिमानि विश्वा।
- fetus, embryo
- c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 3.29.2:
- अरण्योर्निहितो जातवेदा गर्भ इव सुधितो गर्भिणीषु।
- aráṇyorníhito jātávedā gárbha iva súdhito garbhíṇīṣu
- In the two fire-sticks Jātavedas lieth, just like the well-placed embryo in pregnant women.
- अरण्योर्निहितो जातवेदा गर्भ इव सुधितो गर्भिणीषु।
- child, offspring, brood (especially of birds)
- c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 10.73.2:
- अभीवृतेव ता महापदेन ध्वान्तात्प्रपित्वादुदरन्त गर्भाः॥
- abhī́vṛteva tā́ mahāpadéna dhvāntā́tprapitvā́dúdaranta gárbhāḥ.
- As if encompassed by the Mighty-footed, from darkness, near at hand, forth came the Children.
- अभीवृतेव ता महापदेन ध्वान्तात्प्रपित्वादुदरन्त गर्भाः॥
- the inside, middle or interior of anything
- c. 400 BCE, Mahābhārata
Declension
Masculine a-stem declension of गर्भ (gárbha) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | गर्भः gárbhaḥ | गर्भौ gárbhau | गर्भाः / गर्भासः¹ gárbhāḥ / gárbhāsaḥ¹ |
Vocative | गर्भ gárbha | गर्भौ gárbhau | गर्भाः / गर्भासः¹ gárbhāḥ / gárbhāsaḥ¹ |
Accusative | गर्भम् gárbham | गर्भौ gárbhau | गर्भान् gárbhān |
Instrumental | गर्भेण gárbheṇa | गर्भाभ्याम् gárbhābhyām | गर्भैः / गर्भेभिः¹ gárbhaiḥ / gárbhebhiḥ¹ |
Dative | गर्भाय gárbhāya | गर्भाभ्याम् gárbhābhyām | गर्भेभ्यः gárbhebhyaḥ |
Ablative | गर्भात् gárbhāt | गर्भाभ्याम् gárbhābhyām | गर्भेभ्यः gárbhebhyaḥ |
Genitive | गर्भस्य gárbhasya | गर्भयोः gárbhayoḥ | गर्भाणाम् gárbhāṇām |
Locative | गर्भे gárbhe | गर्भयोः gárbhayoḥ | गर्भेषु gárbheṣu |
Notes |
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Derived terms
- गर्भिणी (garbhíṇī, “pregnant”)
- सगर्भ्य (ságarbhya, “full-blooded brother”)
Descendants
- Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀕𑀩𑁆𑀪 (gabbha)
- ⇒ Maharastri Prakrit: *𑀕𑀩𑁆𑀪-𑀅 (*gabbha-a)
- Old Marathi:
- Devanagari: गाभा (gābhā)
- Modi: 𑘐𑘰𑘥𑘰 (gābhā)
- Marathi: गाभा (gābhā)
- Old Marathi:
- Paisaci Prakrit:
- Punjabi: ਗੱਭ (gabbha, “middle”)
- Pali: gabbha
- Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀕𑀩𑁆𑀪 (gabbha)
- Hindi: गाभ (gābh, “pregnancy in animals”)
- → Hindi: गर्भ (garbh)
- → Kannada: ಗರ್ಭ (garbha)
- → Khmer: គភ៌ (kɔə)
- → Lao: ຄັນ (khan)
- → Tamil-Kannada: *karu (“embryo”)
- Kannada: ಕರು (karu, “calf”)
- Tamil: கரு (karu)
- → Telugu: గర్భము (garbhamu)
- → Thai: ครรภ์ (kan)
References
- “ग॑भ” in Carl Cappeller, A Sanskrit–English Dictionary: Based upon the St. Petersburg Lexicons, Strasbourg: Karl J. Trübner, 1891, →OCLC, page 150, column 1.
- Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893), “गर्भ”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press, page 083
- Monier Williams (1899), “गर्भ”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, OCLC 458052227, page 349, column 2.
- Horace Hayman Wilson, A dictionary in Sanscrit and English, 2nd ed., Calcutta: Education Press, Circular Road, 1832, page 284