खण्ड
Hindi
Pronunciation
- (Delhi Hindi) IPA(key): /kʰəɳɖ/, [kʰə̃ɳɖ]
Noun
खण्ड • (khaṇḍ) m (Urdu spelling کھنڈ)
- Alternative spelling of खंड (khaṇḍ)
Declension
Declension of खण्ड (masc cons-stem)
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| direct | खण्ड khaṇḍ | खण्ड khaṇḍ |
| oblique | खण्ड khaṇḍ | खण्डों khaṇḍõ |
| vocative | खण्ड khaṇḍ | खण्डो khaṇḍo |
Sanskrit
Alternative forms
- काण्ड (kā́ṇḍa), काण्ड (kāṇḍá)
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- ᬔᬡ᭄ᬟ (Balinese script)
- খণ্ড (Assamese script)
- খণ্ড (Bengali script)
- 𑰏𑰜𑰿𑰚 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀔𑀡𑁆𑀟 (Brahmi script)
- 𑌖𑌣𑍍𑌡 (Grantha script)
- ખણ્ડ (Gujarati script)
- ਖਣੑਡ (Gurmukhi script)
- ꦑꦟ꧀ꦝ (Javanese script)
- ខណ្ឌ (Khmer script)
- ಖಣ್ಡ (Kannada script)
- ຂຓ຺ຑ (Lao script)
- ഖണ്ഡ (Malayalam script)
- 𑘏𑘜𑘿𑘚 (Modi script)
- ᠻᠠᢏᢎᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- ᡘᠠᢏᡷᠠ (Manchu script)
- ခဏ္ဍ (Burmese script)
- 𑦯𑦼𑧠𑦺 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐏𑐞𑑂𑐜 (Newa script)
- ଖଣ୍ଡ (Oriya script)
- ꢓꢠ꣄ꢞ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆒𑆟𑇀𑆝 (Sharada script)
- 𑖏𑖜𑖿𑖚 (Siddham script)
- ඛණ්ඩ (Sinhalese script)
- ఖణ్డ (Telugu script)
- ขณฺฑ (Thai script)
- ཁ་ཎྜ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒐𑒝𑓂𑒛 (Tirhuta script)
Etymology
Of non-Indo-European, possibly Dravidian origin; compare Tamil கண்டு (kaṇṭu, “hard candy”), കണ്ടം (kaṇṭaṃ) (from Proto-Dravidian *kaṇṭu), Tamil கட்டு (kaṭṭu, “to harden, condense”).[1] Watkins instead suggests a borrowing from Munda.[2]
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /kʰɐɳ.ɖɐ/
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈkʰɐɳ.ɖɐ/
Noun
खण्ड • (khaṇḍa) m or n
- chip, piece, slice, bit, portion, fragment
- clause, chapter, section (of a document)
- candied sugar or dried molasses
- (archaic) a variety of sugar cane
Declension
| Masculine a-stem declension of खण्ड (khaṇḍa) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | खण्डः khaṇḍaḥ | खण्डौ khaṇḍau | खण्डाः / खण्डासः¹ khaṇḍāḥ / khaṇḍāsaḥ¹ |
| Vocative | खण्ड khaṇḍa | खण्डौ khaṇḍau | खण्डाः / खण्डासः¹ khaṇḍāḥ / khaṇḍāsaḥ¹ |
| Accusative | खण्डम् khaṇḍam | खण्डौ khaṇḍau | खण्डान् khaṇḍān |
| Instrumental | खण्डेन khaṇḍena | खण्डाभ्याम् khaṇḍābhyām | खण्डैः / खण्डेभिः¹ khaṇḍaiḥ / khaṇḍebhiḥ¹ |
| Dative | खण्डाय khaṇḍāya | खण्डाभ्याम् khaṇḍābhyām | खण्डेभ्यः khaṇḍebhyaḥ |
| Ablative | खण्डात् khaṇḍāt | खण्डाभ्याम् khaṇḍābhyām | खण्डेभ्यः khaṇḍebhyaḥ |
| Genitive | खण्डस्य khaṇḍasya | खण्डयोः khaṇḍayoḥ | खण्डानाम् khaṇḍānām |
| Locative | खण्डे khaṇḍe | खण्डयोः khaṇḍayoḥ | खण्डेषु khaṇḍeṣu |
| Notes |
| ||
Descendants
- Pali: khaṇḍa (“piece”), khaṇḍikā (“broken bit, stick”)
- Dardic:
- Kalasha: khōṇḍa (“half”)
- Kashmiri: کھونڈ (khonḍụ, “broken, maimed”)
- Western:
- Punjabi:
- Gurmukhi: ਖੰਨਾ (khannā), ਖੰਨੀ (khannī)
- Shahmukhi: کھَنَّا (khannā), کھَنِّی (khannī)
- Lahnda: کھنا (“piece, a scrap of bread”)
- Sindhi:
- Devanagari: खनु (khanu), खनी (khanī)
- Arabic: کَنُ (khanu), کَنِي (khanī)
- Punjabi:
- Central:
- Gujarati: ખાંદું (khā̃dũ, “broken”)
- Hindustani:
- Hindi: खंडा (khaṇḍā)
- Urdu: کھَنڈَا
- Romani: xai̦i
- Romani Greek: xandí, xanrík (“a little”), xarno (“humble, low”)
- Eastern:
- Assamese: -খন (-khon)
- Bengali: -খান (-khan), -খানা (-khana), -খানি (-khani)
- Bihari: खंडा, खाँड़ी (“a woman's sari”)
- Bhojpuri: खाँड़ा (khā̃ṛā, “piece”)
- Northern:
- Kumaoni: खन (khan, “half”), खानुड़ो (khānuṛo, “piece”)
- Nepali: खणेउलि (khaṇeuli, “broken bits of rice”)
- Southern:
- Marathi: खंड (khaṇḍa, “piece”), खंडोळें (khaṇḍoḷẽ, “piece”)
- Sinhalese: කඩ (kaḍa, “broken piece, piece, piece of cloth”)
Borrowed Terms
- → Gawar-Bati: کھݨڈ (khaṇḍa, “hill pasture”)
- → Bengali: খণ্ড (khôṇḍô)
- → Hindustani: (learned)
- Hindi: खंड (khaṇḍ)
- Urdu: کھنڈ
- → Punjabi: (learned)
- Punjabi: ਖੰਡ (khaṇḍ)
- → Persian: کند (kand)
- → Azerbaijani: künd
- → Arabic: قَنْد (kand)
- → Ottoman Turkish: قند (kand)
- → Persian: قند (qand)
- → Gulf Arabic: قند (qand)
- ⇒ Old French: sucre candi
- → Middle English: candy
- English: candy, candee, candie, candil, kandy
- → Cebuano: kendi
- → Hindi: कैंडी (kaiṇḍī)
- → Hopi: kyenti
- → Japanese: キャンディ (kyandi)
- → Tagalog: kendi
- English: candy, candee, candie, candil, kandy
- → Middle English: candy
- → Telugu: ఖండము (khaṇḍamu)
References
- “Sanskrit Dictionary for Spoken Sanskrit”, in (please provide the title of the work), accessed 2012-03-06
- Douglas Harper (2001–2023), “candy”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.
- “candy”, in The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, 5th edition, Boston, Mass.: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2016, →ISBN.