क्या
See also: क्यों, काया, क्यूँ, काय, and किया
Hindi
Etymology
Inherited from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀓𑀺𑀁 (kiṃ), 𑀓𑀺 (ki), from Sanskrit किम् (kim, “what, which”). Compare Punjabi ਕੀ (kī), Gujarati કિયું (kiyũ), Marathi की (kī), Bengali কি (ki), Assamese কি (ki). Compare Kashmiri کیاہ (kyah).
Pronunciation
- (Delhi Hindi) IPA(key): /kjɑː/, [kjäː]
Audio (file)
Particle
क्या • (kyā) (Urdu spelling کیا)
- initial interrogative particle
- क्या आप कुछ पीएँगे?
- kyā āp kuch pīeṅge?
- Would you like anything to drink?
Usage notes
In this usage, it does not have a direct translation as a word in English, it simply makes a statement into a question.
- Example: क्या आप यहाँ रहते हैं?
- kyā āp yahā̃ rahte ha͠i?
- Do you live here?" or "[Question marker] You here living are?" in literal order.
Pronoun
क्या • (kyā) m or f (Urdu spelling کیا)
- (interrogative) what?
- आम का दामक्या है?
- ām kā dām kyā hai?
- What is the price of mangoes?
- क्या हुआ? ― kyā huā? ― What happened?
- (rhetorical) such, what, how
- क्या गाता है यह!
- kyā gātā hai yah!
- Such [finely] he sings!
- क्या जाने ― kyā jāne ― who knows
Declension
Declension of क्या | ||
---|---|---|
dir. sg. | क्या (kyā) | |
dir. pl. | क्या (kyā) | |
singular | plural | |
direct | क्या (kyā) | क्या (kyā) |
indirect | किस (kis) | किन (kin) |
ergative | किसने (kisne) | किन्होंने (kinhõne) |
genitive | किसका (kiskā) | किनका (kinkā) |
dative | किसे (kise), किसको (kisko) | किनको (kinko), किनको (kinko) |
Related terms
- कौन (kaun)
References
- McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993), “क्या”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
- Platts, John T. (1884), “क्या”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
- Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “kím”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
- “क्या”, in Collins Gem Hindi-English Dictionary, Collins, 2011, →ISBN