उदक
Hindi
Etymology
Learned borrowing from Sanskrit उदक (udaká).
Pronunciation
- (Delhi Hindi) IPA(key): /ʊ.d̪ək/
Noun
उदक • (udak) m
- (rare, formal) water
- Synonyms: पानी (pānī), जल (jal), वारि (vāri), अंबु (ambu), नीर (nīr), आब (āb)
- the ceremony of offering water to a dead person
Declension
Declension of उदक (masc cons-stem)
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| direct | उदक udak | उदक udak |
| oblique | उदक udak | उदकों udakõ |
| vocative | उदक udak | उदको udako |
References
- McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993), “उदक”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
- Platts, John T. (1884), “उदक”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
- Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975), “उदक”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. Sea of Hindi words] (in Hindi), Kashi [Varanasi]: Nagari Pracarini Sabha
Konkani
Etymology
Borrowed from Sanskrit उदक (udaká).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /u.d̪əː/, [u.d̪əːk]
- (dialectal)
- IPA(key): /u.d̪iːk/, [u.d̪iː]
Noun
उदक • (udak) (Latin script udok, Kannada script ಉದಕ)
- water
Declension
| Declension of उदक | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| ergative | उदकान (udakan) | — |
| nominative | उदक (udak) | — |
| vocative | उदक (udak) | — |
| accusative/dative | उदकाक (udkāk) | — |
| superessive | उदकाचेर/उदकान (udkācer/udkān) | — |
| instrumental | उदकानि (udakāni) | — |
| ablative | उदकात्ल्यान (udkātlyān) | — |
| Genitive declension of उदक | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine object | feminine object | |||
| singular | plural | singular | plural | |
| singular subject | उदकाचो (udkātsô) | उदकाचे (udkāce) | उदकाची (udkācī) | उदकाची (udkācī) |
| plural subject | — | — | — | — |
Pali
Alternative forms
Alternative forms
- udaka (Latin script)
- 𑀉𑀤𑀓 (Brahmi script)
- উদক (Bengali script)
- උදක (Sinhalese script)
- ဥဒက or ဢုၻၵ (Burmese script)
- อุทก or อุทะกะ (Thai script)
- ᩏᨴᨠ (Tai Tham script)
- ອຸທກ or ອຸທະກະ (Lao script)
- ឧទក (Khmer script)
Noun
उदक n
- Devanagari script form of udaka (“water”)
Declension
Declension table of "उदक" (neuter)
| Case \\ Number | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative (first) | उदकं (udakaṃ) | उदकानि (udakāni) |
| Accusative (second) | उदकं (udakaṃ) | उदकानि (udakāni) |
| Instrumental (third) | उदकेन (udakena) | उदकेहि (udakehi) or उदकेभि (udakebhi) |
| Dative (fourth) | उदकस्स (udakassa) or उदकाय (udakāya) or उदकत्थं (udakatthaṃ) | उदकानं (udakānaṃ) |
| Ablative (fifth) | उदकस्मा (udakasmā) or उदकम्हा (udakamhā) or उदका (udakā) | उदकेहि (udakehi) or उदकेभि (udakebhi) |
| Genitive (sixth) | उदकस्स (udakassa) | उदकानं (udakānaṃ) |
| Locative (seventh) | उदकस्मिं (udakasmiṃ) or उदकम्हि (udakamhi) or उदके (udake) | उदकेसु (udakesu) |
| Vocative (calling) | उदक (udaka) | उदकानि (udakāni) |
Sanskrit
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- ᬉᬤᬓ (Balinese script)
- উদক (Assamese script)
- উদক (Bengali script)
- 𑰄𑰟𑰎 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀉𑀤𑀓 (Brahmi script)
- 𑌉𑌦𑌕 (Grantha script)
- ઉદક (Gujarati script)
- ਉਦਕ (Gurmukhi script)
- ꦈꦢꦏ (Javanese script)
- ឧទក (Khmer script)
- ಉದಕ (Kannada script)
- ອຸທກ (Lao script)
- ഉദക (Malayalam script)
- 𑘄𑘟𑘎 (Modi script)
- ᠤᢑᠠᢉᠠ (Mongolian script)
- ᡠᡩᠠᡬᠠ (Manchu script)
- ဥဒက (Burmese script)
- 𑦤𑦿𑦮 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐄𑐡𑐎 (Newa script)
- ଉଦକ (Oriya script)
- ꢆꢣꢒ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆇𑆢𑆑 (Sharada script)
- 𑖄𑖟𑖎 (Siddham script)
- උදක (Sinhalese script)
- ఉదక (Telugu script)
- อุทก (Thai script)
- ཨུ་ད་ཀ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒅𑒠𑒏 (Tirhuta script)
Etymology
From उदन् (udan), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *wódr̥ (“water”). Cognate with English water, Ancient Greek ὕδωρ (húdōr) and Russian вода́ (vodá).
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /u.dɐ.kɐ́/
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈu.d̪ɐ.kɐ/
Noun
उदक • (udaká) n
- water
- c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 10.166.5:
- अधस्पदान्म उद्वदत मण्डूका इव्ओदकान्मण्डूका उदकाद्इव ॥
- adhaspadānma udvadata maṇḍūkā ivodakānmaṇḍūkā udakādiva .
- Speak to me from beneath my feet, as frogs from out the water croak, as frogs from out the water croak.
- अधस्पदान्म उद्वदत मण्डूका इव्ओदकान्मण्डूका उदकाद्इव ॥
- the ceremony of offering water to a dead person
- ablution (as a ceremony)
- a particular metre
Declension
| Neuter a-stem declension of उदक (udaká) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | उदकम् udakám | उदके udaké | उदकानि / उदका¹ udakā́ni / udakā́¹ |
| Vocative | उदक údaka | उदके údake | उदकानि / उदका¹ údakāni / údakā¹ |
| Accusative | उदकम् udakám | उदके udaké | उदकानि / उदका¹ udakā́ni / udakā́¹ |
| Instrumental | उदकेन udakéna | उदकाभ्याम् udakā́bhyām | उदकैः / उदकेभिः¹ udakaíḥ / udakébhiḥ¹ |
| Dative | उदकाय udakā́ya | उदकाभ्याम् udakā́bhyām | उदकेभ्यः udakébhyaḥ |
| Ablative | उदकात् udakā́t | उदकाभ्याम् udakā́bhyām | उदकेभ्यः udakébhyaḥ |
| Genitive | उदकस्य udakásya | उदकयोः udakáyoḥ | उदकानाम् udakā́nām |
| Locative | उदके udaké | उदकयोः udakáyoḥ | उदकेषु udakéṣu |
| Notes |
| ||
Descendants
- Ardhamagadhi Prakrit: 𑀉𑀤𑀕 (udaga), 𑀤𑀕 (daga), 𑀉𑀤𑀬 (udaya)
- Dardic:
- Khowar: اُوغ (úuɣ)
- Helu:
- Sinhalese: දිය (diya)
- Gandhari: 𐨀𐨂𐨡𐨒 (udaga)
- Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀉𑀤𑀅 (udaa)
- → Bengali: উদক (udôk)
- Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀉𑀅𑀅 (uaa), 𑀉𑀤𑀬 (udaya)
- Niya Prakrit: 𐨀𐨂𐨡𐨒𐨹 (udaǵa)
- Pali: udaka
- Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀉𑀤𑀅 (udaa)
- → Hindi: उदक (udak)
- → Konkani: udak
- Devanagari: उदक
- Kannada: ಉದಕ
- Latin: udok
- → Telugu: ఉదకము (udakamu)
References
- Monier Williams (1899), “उदक”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, OCLC 458052227, page 183, column 2.