अवतार

अवतार

Hindi

Etymology

Inherited from Sanskrit अवतार (avatāra, “descended from the sky”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [əvˈt̪a(ː)ɾ]

Noun

अवतार • (avtār) m (Urdu spelling اوتار‎)

1. (Hinduism) an incarnation; incarnation of a deity, descent to the world

   अवतार लेना ― avtār lenā ― to incarnate

Declension

Declension of अवतार (masc cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	अवतार avtār	अवतार avtār
oblique	अवतार avtār	अवतारों avtārõ
vocative	अवतार avtār	अवतारो avtāro

Descendants

• → English: avatar, avatara; Avator
  • → Japanese: アバター
• → French: avatar

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Marathi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit अवतार (ava-tāra).

Noun

अवतार • (avatār) m

1. avatar
2. descending, descent

References

• Molesworth, James Thomas (1857), “अवतार”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press

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Old Gujarati

Alternative forms

• अवतारु (avatāru)

Etymology

From Sanskrit अवतार (avatāra).

Noun

अवतार • (avatāra) m

1. incarnation, rebirth, avatar

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Sanskrit

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

• ᬅᬯᬢᬵᬭ (Balinese script)
• অৱতাৰ (Assamese script)
• অবতার (Bengali script)
• 𑰀𑰪𑰝𑰯𑰨 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀅𑀯𑀢𑀸𑀭 (Brahmi script)
• 𑌅𑌵𑌤𑌾𑌰 (Grantha script)
• અવતાર (Gujarati script)
• ਅਵਤਾਰ (Gurmukhi script)
• ꦄꦮꦠꦴꦫ (Javanese script)
• អវតារ (Khmer script)
• ಅವತಾರ (Kannada script)
• ອວຕາຣ (Lao script)
• അവതാര (Malayalam script)
• 𑘀𑘪𑘝𑘰𑘨 (Modi script)
• ᠠᠸᠠᢐᠠᢗᠷᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• ᠠᠸᠠᢠᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᡵᠠ (Manchu script)
• အဝတာရ (Burmese script)
• 𑦠𑧊𑦽𑧑𑧈 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐀𑐰𑐟𑐵𑐬 (Newa script)
• ଅଵତାର (Oriya script)
• ꢂꢮꢡꢵꢬ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆃𑆮𑆠𑆳𑆫 (Sharada script)
• 𑖀𑖪𑖝𑖯𑖨 (Siddham script)
• අවතාර (Sinhalese script)
• అవతార (Telugu script)
• อวตาร (Thai script)
• ཨ་ཝ་ཏཱ་ར (Tibetan script)
• 𑒁𑒫𑒞𑒰𑒩 (Tirhuta script)

Etymology

अव- (ava-, “down”) +‎ तार (tāra, “across”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ew (“off, away”) + *terh₂- (“to cross over”).

Noun

अवतार • (ava-tāra) m

1. avatar: descent (especially of a deity from heaven), appearance of any deity upon earth (but more particularly the incarnations of Vishnu in ten principal forms, namely the fish tortoise, boar, man lion, dwarf, the two Ramas, Krishna, Buddha, and Kalki)
   • c. 400 BCE, Mahābhārata 12
   • c. 1000, Kṣemendra, Kalāvilasā 10.10.21

     Madanaś chala|caurāṇāṃ / strī|vacanaṃ jñāti|bhedānām

     krūraś caṇḍālānāṃ / †māyāvī kali|yug’|âvatārāṇām†;

     The God of love among sneaky thieves, / women’s words among dividers of kinsmen,

     a cruel one among chandálas, / a necromancer among those incarnated / in the age of darkness;

2. any new and unexpected appearance
   • c. 400 CE, Kālidāsa, Raghuvaṃśa 3.36
3. any distinguished person in the language of respect is called an avatāra or incarnation of a deity
4. opportunity of catching any one
5. a तीर्थ (tīrtha) or sacred place
6. translation

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of अवतार
Nom. sg.	अवतारः (avatāraḥ)
Gen. sg.	अवतारस्य (avatārasya)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	अवतारः (avatāraḥ)	अवतारौ (avatārau)	अवताराः (avatārāḥ)
Vocative	अवतार (avatāra)	अवतारौ (avatārau)	अवताराः (avatārāḥ)
Accusative	अवतारम् (avatāram)	अवतारौ (avatārau)	अवतारान् (avatārān)
Instrumental	अवतारेण (avatāreṇa)	अवताराभ्याम् (avatārābhyām)	अवतारैः (avatāraiḥ)
Dative	अवताराय (avatārāya)	अवताराभ्याम् (avatārābhyām)	अवतारेभ्यः (avatārebhyaḥ)
Ablative	अवतारात् (avatārāt)	अवताराभ्याम् (avatārābhyām)	अवतारेभ्यः (avatārebhyaḥ)
Genitive	अवतारस्य (avatārasya)	अवतारयोः (avatārayoḥ)	अवताराणाम् (avatārāṇām)
Locative	अवतारे (avatāre)	अवतारयोः (avatārayoḥ)	अवतारेषु (avatāreṣu)

Descendants

• Bengali: অবতার (ôbôtar)
• Gujarati: અવતાર (avatār)
• Hindi: अवतार (avtār)
  • → English: avatar, avatara; Avator
    • → Japanese: アバター
  • → French: avatar
• Marathi: अवतार (avtār)
• → Burmese: အဝတာရ (a.wa.tara.)
• Punjabi: ਅਵਤਾਰ (avatār)
• → Tamil: அவதாரம் (avatāram)
• → Telugu: అవతారము (avatāramu)
• → Thai: อวตาร (à-wá-dtaan)
• Urdu: اوتار‎ (avatār)

References

• Monier Williams (1899), “अवतार”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, OCLC 458052227, page 0099.