अर्घ

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

ᬅᬃᬖ (Balinese script)
অৰ্ঘ (Assamese script)
অর্ঘ (Bengali script)
𑰀𑰨𑰿𑰑 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀅𑀭𑁆𑀖 (Brahmi script)
𑌅𑌰𑍍𑌘 (Grantha script)
અર્ઘ (Gujarati script)
ਅਰੑਘ (Gurmukhi script)
ꦄꦂꦓ (Javanese script)
អឃ៌ (Khmer script)
ಅರ್ಘ (Kannada script)
ອຣ຺ຆ (Lao script)
അര്ഘ (Malayalam script)
𑘀𑘨𑘿𑘑 (Modi script)
ᠠᠷᠺᠾᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
ᠠᡵᢚᠠ (Manchu script)
အရ်္ဃ (Burmese script)
𑦠𑧈𑧠𑦱 (Nandinagari script)
𑐀𑐬𑑂𑐑 (Newa script)
ଅର୍ଘ (Oriya script)
ꢂꢬ꣄ꢕ (Saurashtra script)
𑆃𑆫𑇀𑆔 (Sharada script)
𑖀𑖨𑖿𑖑 (Siddham script)
අර්ඝ (Sinhalese script)
అర్ఘ (Telugu script)
อรฺฆ (Thai script)
ཨ་རྒྷ (Tibetan script)
𑒁𑒩𑓂𑒒 (Tirhuta script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *Hargʰás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hargʰás (“price, value”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂elgʷʰós, from *h₂elgʷʰ- (“to cost, have value”). Cognate with Ossetian аргъ (arǧ), Sogdian [script needed] ('rγ), Avestan 𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬘𐬀𐬵‎ (ar^əjah, “value, price”), Persian ‎ (arzeš, “value”), ‎ (arz, “currency”), Ancient Greek ἀλφή (alphḗ, “gain”), Lithuanian alga (“wages”).[1] Compare also Hungarian ár (“price”), an early Indo-Iranian borrowing.[2]

The Sanskrit root is अर्ह् (arh).[3]

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɐɾ.ɡʱɐ́/
(Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈɐɾ.ɡʱɐ/

Noun

अर्घ • (arghá) m

worth, value, price

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of अर्घ (arghá)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	अर्घः argháḥ	अर्घौ arghaú	अर्घाः / अर्घासः¹ arghā́ḥ / arghā́saḥ¹
Vocative	अर्घ árgha	अर्घौ árghau	अर्घाः / अर्घासः¹ árghāḥ / árghāsaḥ¹
Accusative	अर्घम् arghám	अर्घौ arghaú	अर्घान् arghā́n
Instrumental	अर्घेण arghéṇa	अर्घाभ्याम् arghā́bhyām	अर्घैः / अर्घेभिः¹ arghaíḥ / arghébhiḥ¹
Dative	अर्घाय arghā́ya	अर्घाभ्याम् arghā́bhyām	अर्घेभ्यः arghébhyaḥ
Ablative	अर्घात् arghā́t	अर्घाभ्याम् arghā́bhyām	अर्घेभ्यः arghébhyaḥ
Genitive	अर्घस्य arghásya	अर्घयोः argháyoḥ	अर्घाणाम् arghā́ṇām
Locative	अर्घे arghé	अर्घयोः argháyoḥ	अर्घेषु arghéṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Derived terms

धनार्घ (dhanārghá)
शतार्घ (śatārghá)
सहस्रार्घ (sahasrārghá)

Related terms

अर्हति (arhati)

Descendants

Pali: aggha
- → Khmer: អគ្ឃ (ʼɑkkhɔɔ)
Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀅𑀕𑁆𑀖 (aggha)
Paisaci Prakrit:
- Punjabi: ਅੱਘ (aggha)
Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀅𑀕𑁆𑀖 (aggha)
- Braj: आघु (āghu, “price”)
- Hindi: आघ (āgh)
- Bengali: অর্ঘ্য (ôrghyô)
Sindhi: अघु / اگھُ‎ (aghu)
→ Telugu: అర్ఘము (arghamu)
→ Old Malay:
- Malay: harga
  - Indonesian: harga
  - Javanese: rega
  - → Lao: ລາຄາ (lā khā)
  - → Thai: ราคา (raa-kaa)
- → Tagalog: halaga
→ Thai: อรรฆ (àk)
→ Waray-Waray: halaga

References

Puhvel, Jaan (1991) Hittite Etymological Dictionary, Mouton de Gruyter, page 41
Entry #26 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Research Institute for Linguistics, Hungary.
Monier Williams (1899), “अर्घ”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, OCLC 458052227, page 89.

[1] Puhvel, Jaan (1991) Hittite Etymological Dictionary, Mouton de Gruyter, page 41

[2] Entry #26 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Research Institute for Linguistics, Hungary.

[3] Monier Williams (1899), “अर्घ”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, OCLC 458052227, page 89.