अध्वन्

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

ᬅᬥ᭄ᬯᬦ᭄ (Balinese script)
অধ্ৱন্ (Assamese script)
অধ্বন্ (Bengali script)
𑰀𑰠𑰿𑰪𑰡𑰿 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀅𑀥𑁆𑀯𑀦𑁆 (Brahmi script)
𑌅𑌧𑍍𑌵𑌨𑍍 (Grantha script)
અધ્વન્ (Gujarati script)
ਅਧੑਵਨੑ (Gurmukhi script)
ꦄꦣ꧀ꦮꦤ꧀ (Javanese script)
អធ្វន៑ (Khmer script)
ಅಧ್ವೝ (Kannada script)
ອຘ຺ວນ຺ (Lao script)
അധ്വന് (Malayalam script)
𑘀𑘠𑘿𑘪𑘡𑘿 (Modi script)
ᠠᢑᠾᢦᠨ (Mongolian script)
ᠠᢡᠣᠸᠠᠨ (Manchu script)
အဓွန် (Burmese script)
𑦠𑧀𑧠𑧊𑧁𑧠 (Nandinagari script)
𑐀𑐢𑑂𑐰𑐣𑑂 (Newa script)
ଅଧ୍ଵନ୍ (Oriya script)
ꢂꢤ꣄ꢮꢥ꣄ (Saurashtra script)
𑆃𑆣𑇀𑆮𑆤𑇀 (Sharada script)
𑖀𑖠𑖿𑖪𑖡𑖿 (Siddham script)
අධ්වන් (Sinhalese script)
అధ్వౝ (Telugu script)
อธฺวนฺ (Thai script)
ཨ་དྷྭ་ན྄ (Tibetan script)
𑒁𑒡𑓂𑒫𑒢𑓂 (Tirhuta script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hádʰwan (“road”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁nedʰ-. Cognate with Avestan 𐬀𐬛𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬥‎ (aduuan, “road”), Ancient Greek ἐνθει̃ν (entheĩn, “to come”), Albanian endem.

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɐ́dʱ.ʋɐn/

(Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈɐd̪ʱ.ʋɐn̪/

Noun

अध्वन् • (ádhvan) m

a road, way, path
Synonyms: पथ (patha), मार्ग (mārga), पथ्या (pathyā), वीथि (vīthi), व्रजन (vrajana), सरणि (saraṇi), संचर (saṃcara)
- c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 6.46.13:
  यदिन्द्र सर्गे अर्वतश्चोदयासे महाधने।
  असमने अध्वनि वृजिने पथि श्येनाँ इव श्रवस्यतः॥
  yadindra sarge arvataścodayāse mahādhane.
  asamane adhvani vṛjine pathi śyenām̐ iva śravasyataḥ.
  When, Indra, in the mighty fray thou urgest chargers to their speed,
  On the uneven road and on a toilsome path, like falcons, eager for renown.
- c. 1200 BCE – 1000 BCE, Atharvaveda 1.4.1:
  अम्बयो यन्त्य्अध्वभिर्जामयो अध्वरीयताम् ।
  पृञ्चतीर्मधुना पयः ॥
  ambayo yantyadhvabhirjāmayo adhvarīyatām .
  pṛñcatīrmadhunā payaḥ .
  Along their paths the Mothers go, sisters of priestly ministrants,
  Blending their water with the mead.

Declension

Masculine an-stem declension of अध्वन् (ádhvan)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	अध्वा ádhvā	अध्वानौ / अध्वाना¹ ádhvānau / ádhvānā¹	अध्वानः ádhvānaḥ
Vocative	अध्वन् ádhvan	अध्वानौ / अध्वाना¹ ádhvānau / ádhvānā¹	अध्वानः ádhvānaḥ
Accusative	अध्वानम् ádhvānam	अध्वानौ / अध्वाना¹ ádhvānau / ádhvānā¹	अध्वनः ádhvanaḥ
Instrumental	अध्वना ádhvanā	अध्वभ्याम् ádhvabhyām	अध्वभिः ádhvabhiḥ
Dative	अध्वने ádhvane	अध्वभ्याम् ádhvabhyām	अध्वभ्यः ádhvabhyaḥ
Ablative	अध्वनः ádhvanaḥ	अध्वभ्याम् ádhvabhyām	अध्वभ्यः ádhvabhyaḥ
Genitive	अध्वनः ádhvanaḥ	अध्वनोः ádhvanoḥ	अध्वनाम् ádhvanām
Locative	अध्वनि ádhvani	अध्वनोः ádhvanoḥ	अध्वसु ádhvasu
Notes	¹Vedic

Descendants

Pali: addhan
Prakrit: 𑀅𑀤𑁆𑀥 (addha), 𑀅𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀸𑀡 (addhāṇa)

References

Monier Williams (1899), “अध्वन्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, OCLC 458052227, page 23.
Hellwig, Oliver (2010-2023), “adhvan”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.
Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893), “अध्वन्”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press, page 11
Apte, Vaman Shivram (1890), “अध्वन्”, in The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary, Poona: Prasad Prakashan, page 72
Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “adhvan”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 14